九年级英语定语从句（一）知识精讲.docVIP

九年级英语定语从句（一） 【本讲主要内容】 定语从句（一） 【知识总结归纳】 一. 概念介绍： 1. 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 2. 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 3. 定语从句一般都要放在先行词的后面。 4. 引导定语从句的有关系代词who，whom，whose，which和that及关系副词when，where和why等。 5. 引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词除了在先行词和定语从句之间起联系作用之外，它们还可以做定语从句的一个句子成分。 例句： The boy [ who is playing football ] is my brother . ?先行词 关系代词 定语从句 Do you remember the place [ where we have watched the dolphin show ? ] →定语从句 ?先行词 关系副词 二. 关系代词引导的定语从句：（关系代词可以作定语从句中的主语，宾语和定语） 1. 关系代词who引导的定语从句：who指人，在定语从句中作主语和宾语。 eg . People who drink and drive are a danger to everyone .（作主语） The people who he met were friendly .（作宾语） 2. 关系代词whom引导的定语从句：whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。 eg . The new teacher whom you are waiting for has come . The old man whom we saw in the reading-room is a famous professor . 3. 关系代词whose引导的定语从句：whose指人的所有格，在定语从句中作定语。 eg . Do you know the boy whose father died in a traffic accident ? The man whose bag was stolen has called the police . 4. 关系代词which引导的定语从句：which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语。 eg . This is a story book which tells about a famous computer engineer — Bill Gates .（作主语）These are the magazines which young people like very much .（作宾语） 5. 关系代词that引导的定语从句：that指人也指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语。 eg . I’d like to see the films that are just on show .（作主语，指物） The famous singer that comes from Canada can sing Chinese songs .（作主语，指人） The present that my friend gave me on my birthday is kept on the bookshelf .（作宾语，指物） He is the man that you are looking for .（作宾语，指人） 6. 注意：关系代词that，which，who在定语从句中作主语时，不能省略。作宾语时，在口语中或非正式文体中经常省略。Whom作宾语时，也常省略。但若作介词宾语时，且介词置于关系代词前面时：A. 指人时，只能用whom（不能省略），不能用who或that。B. 指物时，只能用which（不能省略），不能用that。 eg . 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍然放在动词后面。 eg . Is this the book（which / that）he was looking for ? The babies（whom / that）the nurses are looking after are very healthy . 7. 定语从句中常用that，而不用which的情况。 （1）被修饰的先行词为不定代词时。 eg . We should do all that our teacher asks us to . There is nothing that I want to talk about . I like the one that you bought yesterday . （2）先行词被only，any，few，little，no，all，one of，just，very等