50个Go开发者常犯的错误.docVIP

[英] 50 个 Go 开发者常犯的错误 Go is a simple and fun language, but, like any other language, it has a few gotchas... Many of those gotchas are not entirely Gos fault. Some of these mistakes are natural traps if you are coming from another language. Others are due to faulty assumptions and missing details. A lot of these gotchas may seem obvious if you took the time to learn the language reading the official spec, wiki, mailing list discussions, many great posts and presentations by Rob Pike, and the source code. Not everybody starts the same way though and thats OK. If you are new to Go the information here will save you hours debugging your code. Total Beginner: Opening Brace Cant Be Placed on a Separate Line Unused Variables Unused Imports Short Variable Declarations Can Be Used Only Inside Functions Redeclaring Variables Using Short Variable Declarations Accidental Variable Shadowing Cant Use nil to Initialize a Variable Without an Explicit Type Map Capacity Strings Cant Be nil Array Function Arguments Unexpected Values in Slice and Array range Clauses Slices and Arrays Are One-Dimensional Accessing Non-Existing Map Keys Strings Are Immutable Conversions Between S Using nil Slices and Maps trings and Byte Slices Strings and Index Operator Strings Are Not Always UTF8 Text String Length Missing Comma In Multi-Line Slice/Array/Map Literals log.Fatal and log.Panic Do More Than Log Built-in Data Structure Operations Are Not Synchronized Iteration Values For Strings in range Clauses Iterating Through a Map Using a for range Clause Fallthrough Behavior in switch Statements Increments and Decrements Bitwise NOT Operator Operator Precedence Differences Unexported Structure Fields Are Not Encoded App Exits With Active Goroutines Sending to an Unbuffered Channel Returns As Soon As the Target Receiver Is Ready Sending to an Closed Channel Causes a Panic Using nil Channels Methods with Value Receivers Cant Change the Original Value Intermediate Beginner: Closing HTTP Response Body Clo