《门禁控制系统的研制》.doc

摘 要 随着时代的发展，各种控制系统都向安全、高效发展。门禁系统是人们在生活中的第一道保障，它的安全性与人们的人身安全有着直接关系。传统的机械门已满足不了人们的要求，门禁系统必须更安全，更简便。射频技术是近几年发展起来的新技术，它只需一张非接触IC卡即可进入已授权的门禁系统，不仅方便简单，也更加安全。 本论文是基于单片机做的简单控制系统，运用了射频技术和单片机控制技术。此控制系统主要由非接触式IC卡、读卡模块和单片机组成，单片机是最重要的控制部分。由读卡模块将读到的数据传送至单片机，单片机进行判断后决定是否开门，并传送指令至电子锁，来完成动作。控制系统体现了实际应用中的门禁控制系统的最基本功能，虽然它的功能并不多，但已满足门禁系统的要求，可以算是一个最小型的门禁系统。在理论研究上，可把它作为最基本的系统，然后逐渐添加其他功能进行研发。 关键词：门禁系统；射频技术；非接触IC卡；单片机 Abstract With the development of various，all kind of control system should be more secure and more efficient. is the first security of people’s life,its safety has a direct relationship with people. Traditional mechanical locks can not meet the requirements of the people, access control system must be more secure, more convenient. RF technology is a new technology developed in recent years, it is just need a non-contact IC card has been authorized to enter the access control system. Not only easy and convenient, but also more secure. This paper is a simple control system based on single chip microcomputer, it uses of RF technology and SCM control technology. The control system consists of non-contact IC card, reader modules and single chip microcomputer, SCM is the most important control section. The reader module send dates to the single chip microcomputer, after judging to determine whether to open the door,and send a commands to the electronic lock, to complete the action. Control system embodied in the basic functions of Access Control System. Although its function is simple, it has met the requirements of access control system, it just a small Access Control System. In theory, it could be the most basic system, then add other features gradually to research and development. Key words：Access control systems; RF technology; non-contact IC card; Single Chip Microcomputer 引言 4 1 门禁系统简介 4 1.1 门禁系统的工作原理 5 1.2 门禁系统的功能 5 1.3 门禁系统的优越性 6 2 系统硬件设计方案 6 2.1 系统要求实现功能 6 2.2 系统总体设计方案 6 2.3 系统硬件设计 7 2.3.1 RFID的分类与简介 7 2.3.2读卡模块 9 2.3