《高压断路器触头电磨损在线检测系统的研究》.doc

摘 要 随着电力系统自动化的迅速发展和供电可靠性的要求日益提高，特别是目前电力部门正大力推行的变电站综合自动化，对高压断路器的可靠性提出了更高的要求。为了适应这种要求，需要构建高压断路器在线监测系统机制。实时的在线监测和故障诊断可以及时发现故障，从而提高其运行可靠性，延长设备的维修保养周期，提高设备的利用率，提高供电可靠性，减少维修保养费用，因而具有重要的经济意义。 所谓的在线监测，也可以称为状态监测：就是通过传感器装置来监视正在运行中的设备的工作状态，对其健康水平作出评估或诊断，并根据不同的状态识别设备的优劣和故障的原因、性质及部位等信息，并且根据反馈回来的信息，决定维修计划。状态监测在一些先进国家，已经得到了很好的发展。近年来，我国也开始了对状态监测技术进行了研究，并取得了一些成果，这对发展我国的电力系统智能化提供了基础。 根据电力系统设备的检修体制分析，状态检修体制占据越来越重要的地位，本文对高压断路器触头电磨损在线监测系统进行了研究，并设计了试验样机论证。该样机装置采用廉价的AVR单片机作为中心处理器，其特点是速度高、功耗低和较高的保密性。整个装置的工作流程为：在高压断路器附近（一米之内）安装一近场天线，利用在断路器触头分离的击穿过程中周围的空间产生较强的电磁辐射信号去响应处理器的中断，进行相应数据的采集与处理，最终计算出断路器一次开断过程的磨损量，在此基础上进行累计并与总磨损量进行比较，最后给出相应的显示信息或报警信号。试验结果表明该系统装置具有较好的工作稳定性和可靠性，基本完成了毕业设计任务要求和技术指标。 关键词：高压断路器；电磨损；在线检测；Atmega16 Abstract With the rapid development of automation of electric power systems and Power supply reliability requirements is increasing day by day, especially with the current power department is vigorously carry out of substation integrated automation, the reliability of high voltage circuit breaker put forward higher request. In order to adapt the request, the need to build a high voltage circuit breaker on-line monitoring system mechanism. Real-time on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis can find the fault timely, thus improve their operation reliability, prolong the equipment maintenance cycle, increase the utilization ratio of equipment, improve the power supply reliability, reduce maintenance cost, so it has important economic significance. So-called on-line monitoring, also can call state monitoring: through the sensor devices to monitor the work state of the running equipment, make an assessment of its health level, and according to the different status identification equipment quality and the cause of failure, nature and Parts and so on information, and according to the feedback information, decided to maintenance plan. In some advanced countries condition monitoring, already obtained a good development. In recent years, our country has begun condition