2017考研英语阅读经济学人文章：计算机间谍.docVIP

2017考研英语阅读经济学人文章：计算机间谍 2017考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：计算机间谍 　　Computerised espionage 　　计算机间谍活动 　　The spy who hacked me 　　我被间谍给黑了 　　Malicious computer code is making the spooks jobeasier than ever 　　恶意计算机编码使间谍活动比以前更容易 　　IT IS 30 years since William Gibson, an American-Canadian author, wrote “Neuromancer”, in which he coined the term “cyberspace” and imagineda future of hackers for hire and giant corporations raiding each others computer systems insearch of secrets. He was right about the direction of travel, but wrong about some of thedetails. For it is governments, not corporations or anti-social teenagers, who have become theworlds best hackers. 　　美籍加拿大作家威廉·吉布森的著作《神经漫游者》的问世距今已有30年。在此书中，威廉提出“网络空间”一词，并勾勒出未来大型公司雇佣黑客潜入竞争对手的电脑系统窃取机密的场景。但他只预言中了大致的方向，细节上有很大的出入。如今，政府成为世上最厉害的黑客，而非大型公司或反社会青年。 　　The latest example came on November 23rd, when Symantec, an American antivirus firm,announced the discovery of a piece of software called Regin, which it had found lurking oncomputers in Russia, Saudi Arabia and several other countries, sniffing for secrets. Itssophistication and stealth led Symantec to conclude that it must have been written by anation-state. 　　比如，美国杀毒软件公司---诺顿杀毒于11月23日宣布发现了一种名为“雷金”的病毒软件。该软件潜伏在俄罗斯、沙特阿拉伯和其他国家的电脑上窃取机密。根据其复杂性和机密性，诺顿杀毒断定，此病毒软件一定是由某国政府编写。 　　Regin (the arbitrarily chosen name comes from a text string found in the bugs innards) isonly the latest in a long line of government-sponsored malware (see table). The most famous isStuxnet, discovered in 2010, which was designed, almost certainly by America and Israel, tohijack industrial-control systems. It was deployed against Irans nuclear programme, anddestroyed centrifuges that were being used to enrich uranium. Unlike the vast surveillancedragnets revealed by Edward Snowden, a former American contractor who leaked thousands ofsecret documents in 2013, these computerised bugs are tailored and aimed at defined targets. 　　“雷金”(该名字来源于病毒内部的文本字符串)只是由政府赞助的恶意程序的冰山一角。最有名的病毒是2001年发现的震网，该病毒极有可能由美国和以色列政府编写，针对工业控制系统，攻击伊朗核计划，破坏用于铀浓缩的离心器