层2交换技术.ppt

Slide 1 of 3 Purpose: Emphasize: Slide 2 of 3 Purpose: Emphasize: In the cut-through mode, the switch checks the destination address (DA) as soon as the header is received and immediately begins forwarding the frame. There is a significant decrease in latency from input port to output port. The delay in cut-through switching remains constant regardless of frame size, because this switching mode starts to forward the frame as soon as the switch reads the destination addresses. In some switches just the destination addresses are read. Some other switches continue to read the CRC and keep a count of errors. If the error rate is too high, the switch can be set to use store-and-forward, either manually or automatically. Other Catalyst switches support combined cut-through and store-and-forward modes. Slide 3 of 3 Purpose: Emphasize: Note: 64 bytes is the minimum ethernet frame size. The command to switch the mode on the 1900 is: wg_sw_a(config)#switching-mode ? fragment-free Fragment Free mode store-and-forward Store-and-Forward mode Slide 1 of 2 Purpose: Emphasize: Hub connectivity are always Half duplex. Note: Slide 2 of 2 Purpose: Emphasize: Full Duplex is for point to point connection only. A Fastethernet full duplex connection provide a through put of 200Mbps (100Mbps per direction). Note: ? 2002,张羿 Z_arthur@ ICND+HCNE—1-* ?2002. 张羿 1-* 第十二章层2交换技术 以太网交换机基础 什么是以太网 计算机网络分2类：采用点到点连接的网络和采用广播信道的网络。以太网就是一种典型的广播网络。 以太网由施乐公司PARC研究中心于1973年5月22日首次提出，经过不断的发展和创新，已成为世界上最流行的局域网技术。 以太网与CSMA/CD CSMA/CD（Carrier Sense Multiple Acess with Collision Detection）即载波监听多路访问／冲突检测，它是广播式以太网共享传输介质的理论基础。 CSMA/CD规定一个想传输数据的节点必须执行以下步骤： 监视信道直到其空闲； 传输数据，并监视信道是否有冲突发生； 如果检测到冲突发生，则停止传输并发出一个冲突信号到网络上，以便其它节点知道网络上有冲突，再等待一个随机的时间，然后回到第一步。这个随机时间依如下规则选定：如果数据包冲突了n次（n16），则此节点以等概率从0，1，2，…2n-1中随机选一个数K，然后等待K*512比特时间（在10Mbps以太网中1比特时间＝10-7秒），如果n15,则放弃发送。 以太网络与802.3标准 IEEE 802.3标准规定了以太网的物理层和数据链路层的MAC子层。 IEEE 802.3规定的以太网物理层： 10BASE-5 使用粗同轴电缆，最大传输距离为500m； 10BASE-2 使用细同轴电缆，最大传输