城市社会学试题汇总..docVIP

城市社会学复习题 我们在实际背的时候发现很多题还不太完善，请自行酌情更改…… 前言 3、How did classic sociologists understand urbanism城市性? a. Urbanism is a function of population density(人口密度), size and heterogeneity [,het?r?ud?ini:?ti](异质化). b. Secondary relationships replace primary contacts. c. People are not generally known to others as individuals. d. Warm emotionalism is replaced by cold rationalism. e. People are not judged as individuals but in relation to how well they perform their roles. 第一章 2、Physical and social structure of city state, and its historical significance to the development of human society. a. It is an independent political unit consisting of a city and surrounding countryside. b. The city-state had great influence on the following politics because its tradition of democracy[dim?kr?si]. Citizens had the right to vote. But the citizenship was limited to those born of citizens and limited by class distinction and religion. 7. Explain the meanings and relation of the two concepts, “city state” and “urban nation”. 第二章 2、The seven ecological processes offered by McKenzie. (1)Concentration: The tendency for an increased number of people or institutions to locate within a given area. Its degree is measured by density. (2)Dispersion: The tendency for the number of people or institutions in an area to decline and is measured by density. (3)Centralization: The tendency for certain land-use functions to come together at an important point in a city to satisfy common needs. (4)Decentralization: The tendency of people or function to move away from a point of pivot. (5)Segregation(隔离): Within an ecological distribution, there is competition for resources and advantageous location. One consequence of conflict over location is the tendency for groups and institutions to gather in certain areas. The “shifting” of population and function into separate homogeneous[,h?m?d?i:ni?s] areas is regarded as segregation. (6)Invasion: Assume that there is a section of a city occupi