关于处理恶心呕吐的报道课件.pptVIP

New Guidelines for Post-Op Nausea Include Prophylaxis, Acupuncture Martha Kerr 预防及治疗术后恶心呕吐的新方法 作者：Martha Ker NEW YORK (Reuters Health) Oct 17 - Updated guidelines for managing post-operative nausea and vomiting were announced Monday at the annual meeting of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, underway in Chicago. 纽约路透社健康报在10月17号刊登了一篇关于处理术后恶心呕吐的新方法的报道，这篇报道是星期一在芝加哥举行的美国麻醉科学年度会议上发表的 Newly included measures include prophylaxis, with an emphasis on the use of the 5-HT3-receptor antagonists such as odansetron, and inclusion of acupuncture to reduce the nausea and vomiting associated with general anesthesia. 新方法主要是强调关于5-HT3受体拮抗药如昂丹司琼以及包括一些针灸等方法降低全身麻醉的恶心呕吐的预防措施。 Guidelines for adults and for children were presented by Dr. Tong J. Gan of Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, on behalf of a multidisciplinary team, including anesthesiologists, surgeons, pharmacists, nurse anesthetists and biostatisticians, and with the support of the Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia. 新方法的研究对象主要是成人及儿童，是由美国北卡罗来纳州公爵大学的Dr. Tong J. Gan开展的，由一个多学科康复小组包括麻醉医师，外科医师，药剂师，麻醉护士和生物统计学家组成，另外还有非住院手术麻醉群体的支持。 The new guidelines identify risk factors for nausea and vomiting from anesthesia. These include female gender, non-smoking status and a history of post-operative nausea and vomiting or motion sickness. The type of anesthesia also plays a role and includes volatile anesthetics and nitrous oxide. Post-operative use of opioids also increases risk of nausea and vomiting. 新方法主要是辨别麻醉后恶心呕吐的高危因素如：女性、不吸烟以及有术后恶心呕吐史或者晕动症的人群。麻醉的方法同样起的重要的作用像吸入麻醉、笑气等，还有那些术后使用阿片类药物的患者同样增加恶心呕吐的风险。 Odansetron and the other 5-HT3-receptor antagonists, dexamethasone and droperidol are equally effective, Dr. Gan noted, reducing risk of nausea and vomiting by about 25%. Supplemental oxygen does not help control symptoms, and standard doses of 10 mg metoclopramide are ineffective. Dr. Gan指出昂丹司琼以及其他一些5-HT3受体拮抗药，地塞米松和氟哌利多 等药效果基本相同，大约能够降低大约25%的恶心呕吐。人工氧气吸入不能控制症状,10mg剂量的灭吐灵是非常有效的. Nonph