无线传感器网络论文无线传感器网络非均匀分簇.docVIP

无线传感器网络论文：无线传感器网络 非均匀分簇 【中文摘要】无线传感器网络中,为有效的延长网络生存周期,均衡网络能量消耗,需要研究合理高效的路由协议算法。同平面路由相比,分簇路由算法被认为具有良好的发展前景,但当前多数分簇路由算法存在簇头节点负担过重,节点能耗不均,以及容易形成“热区”等情况,部分算法引入双簇头的思想虽有效缓解了主簇头的负担,但对副簇头的选择机制以及减少因采用竞争机制选择簇头所产生的能耗问题还缺少有效方法,因而在一定程度上也影响了无线传感器网络的性能。本文针对此种情况,首先引入双簇头机制,通过副簇头承担数据转发任务来减轻主簇头的负担,同时为减少分簇次数,延长簇存活周期,减少因簇头选择竞争造成的能耗,提出一种基于ARMA流量预测的WSN非均匀分簇双簇头选择算法(AUDC算法),算法利用主簇头结合ARMA模型对簇内副簇头在下一时刻需要转发的数据量进行预测,进而根据剩余能量选择能承担此次转发任务的副簇头,达到及时更换副簇头的。为有效解决网络“热区”问题,本文进一步提出了一种基于不等带宽圆环分区的WSN非均匀分簇算法(UCCB算法),该算法主要通过利用不等带宽圆环结合扇形区域进行网络分区,利用限制条件确定带宽增长因子和不同分区的簇数目以及其他参数的最优值,再进行非均匀分簇,用以达到均衡网络节点能耗以及总能耗最小的。在MATLAB平台上,本文对提出的两种算法进行了仿真实验,通过与LEACH算法、HEED算法等进行仿真比较,说明了新算法能有效延长网络的生存周期,实现网络的负载均衡。 【英文摘要】In wireless sensor networks, we need to research a rational and efficient routing protocol algorithm, with a view to prolong the network lifetime and balance network energy consumption. At present, comparing with the plane routing, clustering routing algorithm is considered to have splendid development prospect, however, there are circs of excessive burden on cluster head node, the inequality energy consumption of the node,as well as forming the “hot spot” easy in most clustering routing algorithm. Several algorithms can alleviate the burden of the main cluster head effectively by introducing the idea of Double Cluster Heads, they have no method aiming at the selection mechanism of assisting cluster head and the issue of reducing the energy consumption which grows out of choosing cluster head by competition mechanism, thus the issues affected the functions of wireless sensor networks to some extent.In this thesis, we introduce double cluster heads mechanism which can share the burden of main cluster head by using assisting cluster head to take on the data switching, besides, for the purpose of reducing the frequency of clustering, prolonging the lifecycle of cluster and reducing the energy consumption which grows out of cluster head selection competition, we introduce the Algorithm of Choosing the Uneven Distributed D