八年级英语期中复习Unit 1~3 Grammar译林版知识精讲.docVIP

初二英语期中复习Unit 1~3 Grammar译林版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 8B 期中复习 复习8B Unit 1~3 Grammar 二. 教学目标： 掌握Unit1~3 语法的结构和用法 Unit 1 语法：现在完成时 现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果。它经常与never, just, before, yet, already, ever。连用其中already用在陈述句中。在疑问句或否定句中常用ye t代替already. I have already done my homework. Has Jim called yet? 表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，可能还将延续下去，经常与for, since 引导的时间状语连用，此时动词必须具有延续性。 The old man has died for two years.（错） The old man has been dead for two years. （对） 常见的瞬间性动词转换成延续性动词如下表格： 非延续性动词 与一段时间连用时的表达方法 buy have borrow keep close be closed open be open come to, go to be in (on, at) join be a member of; be a … member; be in, be with move to live in die be dead leave be away (from) wake be awake start, begin be on end be over fall asleep, get to sleep be asleep get up be up turn on sth., turn off sth. sth. be on, sth. be off return, come back, get back, go back be back get back (取回) have back reach, arrive in (at), get to be in (on, at) get to know know get, turn, become (变得，成为)作系动词 be hear from, get ( receive) a letter from have a letter from 现在完成时的构成：have (has)＋v (过去分词) have (has) 为助动词 陈述句 一般疑问句 否定句 I have read … Have you read… I haven’t read… He has read… Has he read… He hasn’t read… 疑难题导析 ①He has never _______ a pen before. A. lose B. to lose C. lost D. losing 解析 答案为C。本题主要考查现在完成时态对谓语动词的要求。现在完成时态谓语动词的结构是have (has)＋过去分词。本题空白处需要填过去分词，这样，A、B、D都不对。 ②误：My aunt has arrived in Hefei for two weeks. 正：My aunt has been in Hefei for two weeks. 正：My aunt arrived in Hefei two weeks ago. 解析：本题主要考查谓语动词与时间状语的搭配关系，终止性动词一般不能和表示长度的时间状语连用，遇此情形，要么改变谓语动词，要么改变时间状语和时态。 ③误：The twins have not got home already. 正：The twins have not got home yet. 解析：本题主要考查yet与already的用法区别，两个词都是副词，常与完成时态连用。yet 用于否定句和疑问句，通常置于句尾；already 常用于肯定句，当用于疑问句时，表示惊讶或希望得到肯定的答复，不用于否定句中，它可以在主要动词之前，也可置于句末。 ④Jim has been at the factory_________ two years ago. A. for B. since C. before D. after 解析：答案为B。本题主要考查时间状语与谓语的关系。for后跟时间段表示一段时间，since 后跟时间的起点，表