语言C概论笔记1-5章.docVIP

Chapter 1 Prescriptive（规范的） ----lay down rules for “correct and standard” behavior in using language (traditional grammar) Descriptive（描述性的） ---- describe/analyze the language people actually use (modern linguistic) Synchronic（同步的） study---- description of a language at some point of time in history (modern linguistics) Diachronic（历时的） study---- description of a language as it changes through time (studies historical development of language over a period of time) Langue（语言） ---- the set of conventions and rules which language users all have to abide by; abstract; doesnt change frequently