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Chapter 3
Word Meaning and Semantic
Relations
1. What is semantics?
2. What is to be understood by meaning?
3. Fill in the blanks with proper terms in the following sentences.
1) According to Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, the linguistic sign consists of a ______and a ______.This is called the ______ theory of de Saussure.
2) According to Ogden and Richards the symbol is the linguistic ______, and the referent is the______, while thought or reference is____. This is called the ____triangle.
3) According to Leonard Bloomfields point of view, a word is a minimum _____form.
4) There are two types of linguistic forms: one is the ______form, the other is the _____ form.
5) A word is a unity of sound and _____.
6) The relation between the meaning of a word and its sound is____ or conventional.
7) _____is the relationship between the structure of a word and its meaning.
Nouns, adjectives, verbs, numerals, adverbs are____ words or notional words, because they are _____, meaningful in themselves, even if they appear in isolation.
9) Articles, prepositions, conjunctions, pronouns, pronominal adverbs and the like are_____or functional words. They are ‘_____’ , meaningful only when used in conjunction with other words.
10) _____ meaning is the same meaning for all speakers of a given language. In other words, it is the extensional meaning of a word.
11) _____meaning is the intensional meaning which a word suggests or implies.
12) The word bread and lolly meaning money used in the USA and UK respectively belong to _____ words.
13) _____words or learned words are usually used in books, newspapers, documents and serious speeches.
14) Words like TESL and TOEFL are_____ used in the field of English teaching. It is a kind of language that is hard to understand because it is full of special words known only to the people of a certain group.
4. Find synonyms for the following words.
1) change ________________ 2) fond ________________
3) relation _______________
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