OILY SLUDGE DISPOSAL OPTIONS含油污泥的处理选项.PPTVIP

OILY SLUDGE DISPOSAL IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MARINE POLLUTION AGREEMENT INTRODUCTION MARPOL – (Marine Pollution Agreement) International convention signed by 137 countries around the world, including the UAE in October 2006 Introduced to reduce, and reduce the risk of, pollution at sea from shipping To prevent the disposal of wastes at sea Requires Port Authorities to control waste disposal by ensuring all vessels have Certificates of Safe Disposal for all waste streams, namely solids, sewage and oily waste before leaving port In particular the disposal of oily slops and sludges SOURCE The sources of oily effluents generated by shipping are mainly from: Impurities removed from bunker fuel oil Tank cleanings (bunker and cargo) Oily effluent water Lubricants and greases CHARACTERISATION These streams can be characterised into two groups as follows: Slops: Sludge: Pumpable Un-pumpable Solids 1,5% m/m Solids 35% m/m Water 30% - 60% v/v Water 10% - 20% Specific Gravity 1 Specific Gravity 1 The importance of this distinction is in the handling, processing and disposal costs. RECOVERY SLOPS: Pumped overboard Either into a barge or a road tanker on the wharf side The quantity of oil generated is typically 0,5% of vessel’s fuel used The typical recoverable oil in slops is 95% The cost per tonne of oil recovered is relatively low SLUDGE: Shoveled by hand into small plastic bags Placed in skips Removed overboard by crane The quantity is much less than slops and dependent on the period between tank cleanings The typical recoverable oil in sludge is 66% The cost per tonne of oil recovered is relatively high DISPOSAL The principles of disposal should always be to: MAXIMISE the UTILISATION of the energy source through recovery and recycling MINIMISE the quantity of waste requiring DISPOSAL with regard to: Environmental considerations/circumstances Best Available Practical Technology (BAPT) Facilities and infrastructure Cost UTILISATION SLOPS: Has a high usable