PETROLEUM ENGINEERING 405石油工程405.PPTVIP

Casing Design Casing Design Why Run Casing? Types of Casing Strings Classification of Casing Burst, Collapse and Tension Effect of Axial Tension on Collapse Strength Casing Design Why run casing? 1. To prevent the hole from caving in 2. Onshore - to prevent contamination of fresh water sands 3. To prevent water migration to producing formation Casing Design 4. To confine production to the wellbore 5. To control pressures during drilling 6. To provide an acceptable environment for subsurface equipment in producing wells 7. To enhance the probability of drilling to total depth (TD) e.g., you need 14 ppg mud to control a lower zone, but an upper zone will fracture at 12 lb/gal. What do you do? Types of Strings of Casing 1. Drive pipe or structural pile {Gulf Coast and offshore only} 150’-300’ below mudline. 2. Conductor string. 100’ - 1,600’ 3. Surface pipe. 2,000’ - 4,000’ Types of Strings of Casing 4. Intermediate String 5. Production String (Csg.) 6. Liner(s) 7. Tubing String(s) Example Hole and String Sizes (in) Classification of CSG. 1. Outside diameter of pipe (e.g. 9 5/8”) 2. Wall thickness (e.g. 1/2”) 3. Grade of material (e.g. N-80) 4. Type to threads and couplings (e.g. API LCSG) 5. Length of each joint (RANGE) (e.g. Range 3) 6. Nominal weight (Avg. wt/ft incl. Wt. Coupling) (e.g. 47 lb/ft) Casing Threads and Couplings API round threads - short { CSG } API round thread - long { LCSG } Buttress { BCSG } Extreme line { XCSG } Other … See Halliburton Book... Burst, Collapse, and Tension API Design Factors (typical) Collapse 1.125 Tension 1.8 Burst 1.1 Casing Design Burst: Assume full reservoir pressure all along the wellbore. Collapse: Hydrostatic pressure increases with depth Tension: Tensile stress due to weigh