八年级英语专题（一）：语法串讲人教朗文版知识精讲.docVIP

初二英语专题（一）：语法串讲人教朗文版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 专题（一）：语法串讲 二. 重点、难点 现在完成时/被动语态/不定式 三. 具体内容 现在完成时是较难掌握、中考考查较多的时态。涉及的考点有： （一）考查其构成 “助动词have（has）+动词过去分词”构成现在完成时。如： 1. Kate’s never seen Chinese films，____ ? A. hasn’t she???? B. has she???? C. isn’t she???? D. is she 析：陈述句部分含否定词never，简略问句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate’s是Kate has的缩写，故选B。 2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him.（改为否定句） His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______. 析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑问句中，故填hasn’t, yet。 3. —Ann has gone to Shanghai. —So ______her parents. A. has??? B. had??? C. did???? D. have 析：“so+助/系/ 情态动词+主语”结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致，又后句的主语为her parents是复数，故选D。 （二）考查其用法与标志词 当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。如： 1. —Mum, may I go out and play basketball? ?— _____you______ your homework yet? A. Do ; finish牋牋? B. Are ; finishing C. Did ; finish牋牋 D. Have ; finished 2. 梍____ you _____anywhere before? 梇es, but I can抰 remember where I______ A. Did ; surf ; surfed B. Have ; surfed ; surfed C. Did ; surf ; have surfed D. Have ; surfed ; have surfed 析：据yet和before可知，应用现在完成时，故1题选D，2题选B。 当句中有“for +段时间”或“since +点时间”等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词（短语）。如： 1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice ______he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for 析：主句用的是现在完成时，而从句用的是一般过去时，故选C。 2. Tom ______the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 析：A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表“段时间”的短语连用，故选D。 3. I ______a letter from him since he left. A. didn’t receive B. haven’t got C. didn’t have D. haven’t heard 析：据since可知，应排除A、C，“ hear from sb.=receive/get/ have a letter from sb.” 意为“收到某人的来信”，故选B。 （三）考查have/has been（to, in）/have/has gone（to）的区别。如： 1. —Have you ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors? ?—Yes, I have. A. went to???? B. gone to??? C. been in???? D. been to 析：据句中的have，排除A，B项意为“去某地了”，C项意为“一直呆在某地”，D项意为“去过某地”，符合题意，故选D。 2. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in???