第6讲TOC Ops Mng 缓冲管理.pptVIP

第6讲 TOC Operations Management缓冲管理 1、缓冲管理的基本思想 2、缓冲管理方法 1、缓冲管理的基本思想 在TOC中，缓冲（Time Buffer）是用于应对不确定性因素对生产的影响，保护生产流程和生产系统按计划运行的一种计划要素。这些不确定性因素包括： 人员短缺； 设备故障； 质量问题； 突发电、汽、水的供应问题； 物料供应不可靠； 市场需求的突发性变化； 等等。 TOC缓冲的特点表现在二个方面： 缓冲被定义为时间，而不是在制品； 缓冲是对制造提前期的大概估计（CCR Buffer是CCR制造提前期的估计，Shipping Buffer是产成品制造提前期的估计），而不仅仅是指安全时间。 但是，仅有缓冲是不够的。我们还必须随时了解所设定的缓冲是否能真正保护生产系统免受突发因素的干扰。 因此，TOC提出通过监控缓冲被消耗的状态，来分析不确定性因素及其对按期交货的影响。 2、缓冲管理方法 1) Three Time Zones The buffer is divided into three nearly equal time “Zones”: three nearly equal time “Zones”: Zone 1 : The last time zone before the Due Date. (红色区) Zone 2 - The middle time zone. （黄色区） Zone 3- The first time Zone after material release. (绿色区) 2) Holes in a Buffer Buffer management is the process of monitoring the production progress through checking the status of order completion. When an order is not present at the protected site (CCR, assembly point, or shipping point) at the time it’s required to be there, we refer to this condition as a “hole” in the buffer. There can be holes in any of the three zones. For example: Shipping buffer is 15 days. Assuming a 7-day work week, 5 days in each zone of the buffer, and shipping on the morning of the day indicated. Today is 1/03 and time is 8:00 a.m. Work order #47 is scheduled to be shipped on the morning of 1/04. Work order #48 is scheduled to be shipped on the morning of 1/11. Work order #49 and #50 are scheduled to be shipped on the morning of 1/18. For example (continuing): We check to see what orders have been completed and are waiting for shipment. If we don’t find Work Order #47 there, we have a hole in Zone 1. If we don’t find Work Order #48 there, we have a hole in Zone 2. If we don’t find Work Order #49 and #50 there, we have 2 holes in Zone 3. 3) What do we should do when a hole appears ? The reaction to a hole differs from zone to zone: Zone 3: We do nothing. The material is not supposed to be in the shipping area that quickly. Zone 2: We focus on this zone and monitor the or