海洋生物 英文版课件.pptVIP

Striped Eel Catfish（条纹鳗鲶鱼 ) Photography by Tanawat Likitkererat, My Shot Each striped eel catfish is armed with venomous（分泌毒液的） spines(体刺） on its dorsal（背部的） and pectoral fins（胸鳍） that can deliver a very painful sting—though one rarely fatal to humans.  Using its pectoral fins as shovels（铲车）, the stargazer fish digs into the seafloor sand, leaving its eyes and mouth exposed to spot and eat passing prey（被捕食的动物）. The reef stonefish is a master of camouflage（伪装） often mistaken for a colorful rock or chunk of coral—an ability that helps it to ambush（埋伏） passing fish and crustaceans（甲壳类）. When threatened the stonefish hunkers（盘坐） down and brandishes（挥舞） dorsal fin spines loaded with one of the most toxic venoms（毒液） found in any fish—and one potentially deadly to humans Blue-Ringed Octopus 蓝圈章鱼 The bacteria produce potent neurotoxins（神经毒素） that can kill a human in just a few minutes yet appear to have no harmful effect on the octopus. This toxic saliva（唾液）, injected through shells broken with the octopus‘s birdlike beak（鸟嘴）, also helps it to digest crabs（蟹类） and mollusks（软体动物）. Members of the large scorpionfish family live on the seafloor where they tend to blend in with their surroundings and hunt by ambush（埋伏）. These sit-and-wait predators（捕食者） adopt such effective camouflage that many of their meals likely never knew what hit them. Scorpionfish are also armed with venomous spines, which can deliver a dangerous sting to any animal trying to make prey of this predator.  This harmless-looking “beach ball” is actually a puffer fish, washed up on a Karnataka, India, shoreline. The fish, also known as a blowfish河豚, attempts to make itself inedible不能吃的 by drinking enormous amounts of water (or air) and swelling to several times its typical size. Lucky is the predator that notices this warning. Those that dont might not live to repeat the mistake. Puffer fish contain tetrodoxin（河豚毒素）, which is fatal to many fish—and to humans, who have yet to develop an antidote解药. Some