Ch2轴向拉压45节2003.pptVIP

材 料 力 学 第二章 轴向拉伸和压缩 (Ch2. Axial Tension and Compression) §２－４拉(压)杆的变形(Deformation of Axial Forced Bar)·胡克定律(Hooke’s Law) 变形Deformation: Dl = l1- l 横向Lateral变形: Dd = d1- d 线应变Linear Strain:1,轴向应变Axial Strain:ε=Dl/l=const 2,横向应变Lateral Strain: e’= Dd / d 显然: e ·e’ 0 受力变形关系: Dl = Nl / EA (or:σ=Ee ; σ≤σp) 其中: E----弹性模量Elastic Modulus; EA---杆的轴向刚度Axial Rigidity of Bar σp---比例极限Proportional Limit 纵横向应变关系: e ’= -me (σ≤σp) 其中: m ---横向变形系数(or: 泊松比Poisson’s Ratio) §２－４拉（压）杆的变形(Deformation of Axial Forced Bar)·胡克定律(Hooke’s Law) §２－４拉（压）杆的变形(Deformation o