八年级英语现在完成时态课件1.pptVIP

Present Perfect Tense Designer: Ma Hongjie Ma Ying Middle School 导入： Find out which sentences are past tense and which sentences are present perfect tense . 找出下列哪些句子是过去式，哪些是现在完成时态。 I borrowed this book a month ago. He had his breakfast at 6:00. When did you come here? He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books. My teacher has been away from Nanjing for 3 days. 2.she has been away for two weeks. Present perfect tense 现在完成时 构成: 用法一： 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果.现在完成时这一时态强调是过去动作与现在的联系,也就是强调现在的影响和结果. have/has + 过去分词 用法二： for+段时间 since+点时间 since+句子（过去时） E.g. Kate has lived here for 3 years. Kate has lived here since 3 years ago. Kate has lived here since she came to China. 表示过去某个时间开始的动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。动词使用延续性动词。常与for或since引导的时间连用 1.都表示过去发生的事 2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用； 3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（last, ago, yesterday, etc. ） present past I have lived here for two years I lived there 2 years ago A．现在完成时态是一个属于现在时态的范畴，所以它可以和包括“现在时刻”在内的时间状语连用。如：Now, today, this morning / week / month / year, by now, so far, up to now, already, before, just, ever, never, always, recently, lately.等等。如： I have done nothing today. 我今天什么事情也没有干。 We have had four lessons this morning. 今天上午我们上了四节课。 （说话时还没有超出上午的范围） 　　 B．当强调行为的行为时间、执行者、行为方式、行为场所、行为原因时，句中一般用一般过去时，而不用或者很少用现在完成时，间或用现在完成时也是为了强调结果。如：Who did it??? How did he do it?? Why did he do it? Where did he do it? When did he do it? C.非延续性动词的否定式可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，表示这种动作的否定状态的延续。如： I haven’t bought anything for a week / since you left. 我已经有一个礼拜没有买东西了。/自从你离开以后我没有买过任何东西。 D．为了准确地判断动词的延续性和非延续性，请记住下面的歌诀： 动词延续非延续，要用“一直”加动词； 说得通是延续动词，说不通是非延续动词。 可以说：一直有have/进行be on/保管keep/在……组织里be in/是……成员be a＋身份 不能说：一直买buy/开始begin/借入borrow/到达reach, get to, arrive/参加join,等等。 常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变 arrive/come/go to die become a borrow Leave/ move buy open join start/begin