翻译学基本概念.docVIP

翻译学基本用语 源语/译出语source language(SL), original language 译语/译入语target language(TL), receptor language, receiving language 原作者SL author, original author 译者(笔译者)translator 译者(口译者)interpreter 读者/接受者reader, receptor, audience 文本text 原文/原著source text (ST), SL text, original text, original version/original work 译文target text, translation, target version, rendering, rendition 译本/译著translated text/translational work 源语读者source-language reader/SL reader 源语文化 source-language culture/source culture 译语读者target-language reader/TL reader/receiving audience 译语文化target-language culture/target culture/receiving culture 语境context 笔译written translation 口译oral interpretation/oral translation/interpreting 同声传译simultaneous interpreting 交替口译consecutive interpreting 翻译原则translation principle 标准translation criterion (复数形式为criteria) 翻译过程translation process 翻译程序/步骤translation procedures 反应/读者翻译response/reader’s response 对应(部分对应/完全对应)(partial /full )correspondence 等值/对等equivalence 对等物(词语)equivalent 形式对等formal equivalence 功能对等functional equivalence 动态对等dynamic equivalence 等效equivalent effect 充分性adequacy 可接受性acceptability(acceptable, unacceptable, unacceptability) 可读性readability(readable) 可译性translatability(translatable) 不可译性untranslatability(untranslatable) 表层结构surface structure 深层结构 deep structure 理解understanding/comprehension 表达expression 再现reproduction/representation 转换transformation 传译/转移transferral/transfer 误解misunderstanding 误译mis-translation 异化foreignization/alienation/exoticization/ exogenization/source-oriented translation 归化domestication/naturalization/adaptation/endogenization/target-accommodating translation 词汇空缺lexical gap 文化沟(空缺/非对应)cultural gap 直译literal translation/direct translation 意译free translation/liberal translation/semantic translation 直译派a literalist/a sourcerer 意译派a free-hander/a targeteer 重复法repetition 增译法/增词法/增译amplification/addition 减译法/减词法/省略法/省译omission 词类转移法/词性转换conversion 反译法/正反译法/反正译法negation 移植法transplant(ing)/transplantation 音译法transliteratio