我国中考改革.docVIP

我国中考改革 篇一：中考改革走向——国际比较视角 高中考试招生制度改革的国际坐标 张家勇1朱玉华2 [摘 要]考察高中考试招生制度不仅要重视制度自身要素，还应该关注相关背景因素。国际实践表明，高中教育普及程度高低，高中教育是否为义务教育，中等教育学制等因素均不构成中考存废的基本依据，但是高中类型多样化程度、基础教育管理体制等因素会对高中录取方式、中考组织形式等产生重要影响。世界各国考试机构多是自负盈亏的非政府机构，高中入学考试多数以省为单位进行统一组织，考试科目多数在5门左右，考试成绩报告多采用等第制。考试评价综合化、招生录取多元化、组织管理科学化将是我国中考改革的必然选择。 [关键词] 中考改革；考试评价；录取方式 What is the Direction of Secondary Education Examination and Admission System Reform? - From International Comparative Perspective Zhang jiayong1 Zhu yuhua2 (1. National Center for Education Development Research, Beijing 100816, China; 2. Students Affairs Department, Beijing Youth Politics College, Beijing 100102, China) Abstract: Exploring examination and admission system of senior high school not only needs to check elements of the system itself, but also should pay attention to relevant background constraints. Experience of international practices shows that factors as the level of secondary education universal, whether it is compulsory or not and secondary education system of the country do not decide whether the common examination should be carried. However, types of senior high school, management system of basic education and other factors have significant impacts on admission methods, and examination organization forms. Examination bodies around the world are mostly self-financed non-governmental organizations. The majority of senior high school entrance examinations are held at provincial level. The majority numbers of test subjects are five or so. The results of the test are normally reported in ranking system. Comprehensive examination and evaluation, diversified admissions, scientific management will be inevitable direction of Chinese reforms in this field. Keywords: Examination reform of secondary education; Examination and evaluation; Admission methods 高中考试招生制度是评价学生学习成果和学校办学水平的重要手段，是衔接沟通初等教育和高等教育的重要枢纽。研究高中考试招生制度不仅要重视制度自身要素，还应该关注相关制约因素，这样才能更全面地理解制度选择的复杂性、必然性和科学性。制约因素主要有高中教育的普及程度、高中类型、管理体制、1 2 张家勇(1972-)，安徽金寨人，教育部教育发展研究中心副研究员，教育学