平原感潮河网城市地区水文模型与水动力模型的耦合(上海水务)解答.doc

平原感潮河网城市地区水文模型与水动力模型的耦合 殷健1 2 孟钲秀2 周全2 梁珊珊3 2 (1. 上海市水文总站，上海 200232；2. 上海市浦东新区水文水资源管理署，上海 200129；3. 上海市排水管理处，上海 200001) 摘要：采用数值方法构建河网模型，对平原感潮河网城市地区进行降雨径流和河道水流模拟。应用MIKE11软件，建立上海浦东新区水文学、水动力学模型。根据新区排涝模式，划分水文模型集水区，并水动力模型耦合。依据河道水文实测数据，完成水文、水动力模型参数耦合率定，反映河网水位流量对降雨径流的响应。 关键词：平原感潮河网；水文模型；水动力模型；MIKE11模型；NAM模型；降雨径流；集水域划分；模型率定 Coupling of hydrological and hydrodynamic models in plain tidal river-networks urban area YIN Jian1 2 MENG Zheng-xiu2 ZHOU Quan2 LIANG Shan-shan3 ZHOU Guo-hua2 (1.Hydrological Master Station in Shanghai, Shanghai,200232,China, 2. Shanghai?Pudong?New?Area?Hydrology?and?Water?Resource?Administration, Shanghai,200129,China, 3.Shanghai Municipal Drainage Administration, Shanghai,200001,China) Abstract: Using the river network model established by the numerical method, the rainfall-runoff and hydrodynamic in the plain tidal river network city area were modeled. Rainfall-runoff and river network hydrodynamic model in the Pudong new area were constructed by MIKE11 model. The catchments in rainfall-runoff model were divided by the models of drainage, and links to hydrodynamic model were also set. Finally the combined model was calibrated and verified by the simulated runoff process and the hydrologic data measured in situ and the impact of rainfall-runoff from catchments to the river network was really simulated. Key words: plain tidal river-networks; hydrological model; hydrodynamic model; MIKE11; NAM model; rainfall-runoff; catchments delineation; model calibration and verification 1 引言 平原感潮河网城市地区人口众多，经济发达，同时河道湖泊密布，地势低洼易涝。区域受季风活动和潮汐作用影响显著，汛期往往出现上游洪水、当地暴雨、下游潮汐“三碰头”情形，防洪排涝形势严峻。要合理解释平原感潮河网城市地区的水文现象，宜采用数值方法构建河网模型进行模拟，即水文模型、水动力模型正确模拟及耦合。 2 商业化水文水动力学数学模型软件综述 随着计算机数值模拟技术的发展，商业化水文水动力学数学模型软件已在防汛洪水预报、水资源水质管理、水利工程规划设计等领域得到广泛应用，其中具代表的有：DHI系列、SMS、Delft3D、HEC、Wallingford等。 2.1 MIKE11模型 丹麦水力研究所（DHI）的MIKE系列软件主要用于河口、河流、灌溉系统和其它内陆水域的水文、水力学、水质和泥沙传输模拟。其中的一维河网水动力水质模型系统MIKE11已应用于我国七大流域相关管理和科研部门，并在长江三峡水库预报调度、上海市苏州河流域治理、松花江洪水管理等项目中