《Chapter2InternationalEconomicInstitutionssinceWorldWarⅡ.pptVIP

International Economic Institutions since World War Ⅱ第二次世界大战以来的国际经济机构 Chapter 2 In this chapter: The IMF, the World Bank, and the WTO Regional Trade Agreements The Role of International Economic Institutions Criticism of International Institutions The contents ⅠIntroduction: international institutions and issues since World War Two 介绍：二战以来的国际机构和问题 ⅡThe IMF, the World Bank, and the WTO 国际货币基金组织 Ⅲ Regional Trade Agreements 区域贸易协定 Ⅳ The role of international economic institutions 国际经济机构的作用 Ⅴ Criticism of international institutions 对国际机构的批评 ⅠInternational Institutions and Issues since World War Ⅱ 1. International institutions 国际机构 2. A taxonomy of international economic institutions 国际经济机构的分类法 International institutions(1)（P16）国际机构 International trade agreements involving a few nations (NAFTA, APEC); Global organizations for trade, development, and macroeconomic stability( WTO, IMF, World Bank). 涉及到一些国家的国际贸易协议：涉及贸易、发展及宏观经济稳定性的全球组织。 International Institutions： 国际机构 Institutions can be formal or informal： 国际机构可以是正式的或非正式的： International institutions(2)（P16）国际机构 ?a formal institution is a written set of rules that explicitly state what is not allowed , 正式的机构是明确阐述禁止之事的一套书面规定。 ?while an informal institution is a custom or tradition without legal enforcement. 而非正式机构是没有法律强制性的习惯或传统。 For example, Informal institutions include the rules of socializing, gift exchange, table manners, e-mail etiquette, and so on. 例如，非正式机构包括社交原则、礼物交换、餐桌礼仪、电子邮件礼仪，等等。 2. A taxonomy of international economic institutions（1）（P17）国际经济机构的分类法 A Taxonomy of International Economic Institutions Five main types are the following: 国际经济机构的分类法。有五种类型： 1. Commodity-or industry-specific organizations ( OPEC, ITU, International Sugar Organization); 商品组织或产业特有组织（如OPEC、国际电讯联盟、国际糖业组织） 2. Commissions and agencies for managing shared resources (IBWC, Lake Chad Basin Commission); 为管理共享资源的委员会和代理机构（国际