OFDM-Tutorial_matlab.doc

ECE 5664 Project: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM): Tutorial and Analysis December 11, 2001 Erich Cosby ecosby@ Virginia Tech. Northern Virginia Center  1 INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 Purpose 3 1.2 OFDM Overview 3 2 OFDM OPERATION 4 2.1 Preliminary Concepts 4 2.2 Definition of Carriers 5 2.3 Modulation 5 2.4 Transmission 9 2.5 Reception and Demodulation 9 3 ANALYSIS 12 3.1 Guard Period 12 3.2 Windowing 13 3.3 Multipath Characteristics 13 3.4 Bandwidth 13 3.5 Physical Implementation 14 3.6 Applications 14 4 REFERENCES 15 5 MATLAB 16  INTRODUCTION Purpose Efficient use of radio spectrum includes placing modulated carriers as close as possible without causing Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI). Optimally, the bandwidth of each carrier would be adjacent to its neighbors, so there would be no wasted spectrum. In practice, a guard band must be placed between each carrier bandwidth to provide a space where a filter can attenuate an adjacent carrier’s signal. These guard bands are wasted bandwidth. In order to transmit high data rates, short symbol periods must be used. The symbol period is the inverse of the baseband data rate (T = 1/R), so as R increases, T must decrease. In a multi-path environment, a shorter symbol period leads to a greater chance for Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI). This occurs when a delayed version of symbol ‘n’ arrives during the processing period of symbol ‘n+1’. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) addresses both of these problems. OFDM provides a technique allowing the bandwidths of modulated carriers to overlap without interference (no ICI). It also provides a high date rate with a long symbol duration, thus helping to eliminate ISI. OFDM may therefore be considered as a candidate modulation technique in a broadband, multi-path environment. The purpose of this report is to provide the following information concerning OFDM: theory of operation analysis of important characteristics implementati