专题2 动词的时态.doc

专题2 动词的时态 中英文时态之比较： 十年前她是个学生。 She was a student ten years ago. (过去） 时间 我昨天玩篮球了。 I played basket yesterday. 他明天会来学校。 He will come to school tomorrow. 中文主要以时间来标示句子的时态；而英文除了时间，更重要的要用到动词的时态来标示句子的时态，所以动词的时态在英文句子的表达中非常重要。 现在：be/ V(s) e.g. She is a student. She often goes shopping after work. 过去：be过/ V(ed) e.g. We were at school last evening. 常态（一般状态） He went to the park everyday when he was young. 将来：will +V原(be)/be going to do... E.g. 状态 进行状态： “(正）在” be+V-ing am/is/are +V-ing (现在进行） was/were +V-ing （过去进行） E.g. She (listen) to the music right now. I (sleep) when you called me. have/has + V-ed (现在完成） 完成状态：“已经，完成” had + V-ed （过去完成） E.g We have finished all the work so far. She has studied English for ten years. (到现在，目前为止） She has played piano since she was young. She had remembered 3000 words by the end of last week. (到过去为止） 总结：（在时间轴上分析讲解各个时态） 状态 时间 一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现在 do/does/be(am, is, are) 现在(是）：经常；总是 nowadays,always,every-, often, always, am/is/are +doing 现在(正）在： right now, now have/has+done 到目前，现在为止完成，已经：so far, until now, for/since... have/has been doing 到目前，现在为止“一直，持续不断” 过去 did/be (was/were) 过去（是）：经常；总是 yesterday, last-,...ago was/were +doing 过去（正）在：then, right at that moment,just now had +done 到过去为止完成，已经：by/until/before+过去时间 将来 will/shall (第一人称)+do/be; be going to do; be about to do; 将，要，会：tomorrow, in the future, next..., be ab