初三英语Unit5 Topic 1 Section C and D知识精讲湘教版(修订版).docVIP

初三英语Unit5 Topic 1 Section C and D知识精讲湘教版(修订版) 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Unit 5: Learning about China. Topic 1: Could you tell me something about the places that you visited? Section C and D 二. 重点、难点：关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）when, where, why 　 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词＋which结构，因此常常和介词＋ which结构交替使用，例如：There are occasions when（on which）one must yield屈服,投降,弯下去. 　任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 　 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born. 　北京是我的出生地。 　 Is this the reason why（for which）he refused our offer?　这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词 　 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和介词＋ which引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如： 　 His father died the year（that / when / in which）he was born. 　他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 　 He is unlikely to find the place（that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。判断关系代词与关系副词 　 方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： 　 This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 　 I’ll never forget the days when I worked together with you. 　 判断改错 　 （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. 　 （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. 　 （对）This is the mountain village（which）I visited last year. 　 （对）I’ll never forget the days（which）I spent in the countryside. 　习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 　 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ag? 　 A. whereB. that　C. on which　D. the one 例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. 　 A. where　B. that C. on which　D. the one 答案：例1 D，　在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既了主句的表语，又可从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。变为肯定句：This museum is you visited a few days ago. 例2 A　而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum 词组，可用介词in ＋ which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用不对，所以选A。变为肯定句：This is the museum the exhibition was held. 　　关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（ where 地点状语，when 时间