Centre of Gravity Garbally Science重力garbally科学中心.ppt

Turning forces and Centre of Gravity Chapter 43 The Turning effect of a force The turning effect of a force can be increased in 2 ways. 1. Increasing the size of the force itself. 2. By increasing the distance of the applied force to the fulcrum. The point about which the object turns is referred to as the fulcrum. Moment of a force The moment of the force or the turning effect of the force. Moment of a force = (Force) x (perpendicular distance from the force to the fulcrum) A Lever used to turn a tap Answer: Moment = Force x distance from fulcrum 40N x 0.2m =8 Nm What is the moment of the force(turning effect) that is being exerted in the following diagram? Levers A lever is a rigid body which is free to turn about a fixed point called the fulcrum. Examples of Levers: A door, wheelbarrow, crowbar, see-saw, Here are 3 examples of lever’s. In each case identify which is the effort, load and fulcrum Answer Levers Levers can be used to exert a large force over a small distance at one end by exerting only a small force over a greater distance at the other The law of the lever The Law of the lever states that when a lever is balanced , the sum of the clockwise moments are equal to the anti-clockwise moment. Balancing a Meter Stick Is This Meter Stick Balanced? Is this lever balanced? Left Hand side Moment = Force x Distance 1N x 40cm = 40 Ncm Right Hand Side Moment = Force x Distance = 2N X 25cm = 50Ncm Therefore The Lever is not Balanced. Where must the 2N weight be placed to have a balanced meter stick? What is the value of y? Where must the 32N weight be hung to balance the meter stick? Find the Weight of the stone Question: Calculate where the 5N weight must be placed so as to have a balanced lever? Left Hand Side 5 x y = 5y x 12 = 96 -------------