东海高级中学2009届高三英语语法知识复习复合句.docVIP

东海高级中学2009届高语法知识复习(复合句)一、名词性从句 ①介词后的连词不可省略 如：Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for what I must say. ②引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略 如：That she was chosen made us very happy.她被选上了，我们很高兴。 We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。 8.比较：whether 与 if 均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代： ①whether 引导主语从句在句首Whether she comes or not doesn’t concern me . ②引导表语从句 His first question was whether she had arrived yet. 他问第一个问题就是她来了没有。 ③引导同位语从句 Answer my question whether you are coming.回答我你是否来的问题。 ④whether 从句作介词宾语 I worry about whether I hurt her feeling .我担心是否伤了她的感情。 ⑤与or not连在一起 I don’t know whether or not he is going to Japan.我不知道他是否去日本。 大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it 充当形式主语。例如： It is not important who will go. 谁去，这不重要。 It is still unknown which team will win the match. 到底谁赢呢，形势尚不明朗。 二、状语从句 状语从句是一种副词性从句，通常由一个从属连词或一个起连词作用的词组引导。 1.时间状语从句 由下列连词引导：when, while , as, before, after, once, till, until, once, as soon as, now that, hardly…when, scarcely…when, no sooner…than,有一些表示时间的副词（短语）或名词短语也可引导时间状语从句。如：directly, instantly, immediately, by the time，the moment, the second, the minute, the instant, every time, each time, next time, the last time等 ：1)when, while, as引导的时间状语从句 as表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。 ①She came up as I was cooking.(同时) ② When I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.在街上走时，碰到一位老朋友 when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。 ①It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点) ②When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内) ③When we arrived there, the film had already begun.(先后发生) While强调一段时间里，仅表示从句和主句的动作同时发生，并且有延续意义，该从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词，从句中常用过去进行时态或一般过去时态；在when表示a period of time时，两者可以互换。 ①Please don’t talk so loud while/when others are working. 其他人工作时请不要大声讲话。 ②He fell asleep while/when reading. 读书时他睡着了。 ③ While they were watching TV, I was preparing myself for the coming examination. Strike while the iron is hot.( 不可用as或when，这里的