中考英语复习 英语课堂之短语精解.docVIP

中考英语复习 英语课堂之短语精解 英语常用短语精解之一 (1)to get on (2)to get off (3)to put on (4)to take off (5)to call up (6)to turn on (7)to turn off (8)right away (9)to pick up (10)at once to get on : (to enter, board) 【说明：】to get on(搭乘，上车) 动词get的用法很多，常常在后面接用各种不同的介系词或副词而形成意义不同的习语。这里的on是介系词，后面的bus和subway用作它的受词。如果on作副词用，则有进步，相处甚好，与年事已长的意思。 【例：】(1) I always get on the bus at 34th Street. 我总是在３４街搭乘公共汽车。 (2) William gets on the subway at the same station every morning. 威廉每天早晨在同一车站搭乘地下火车。 2.to get off : (to leave, descend from) 【说明：】to get off (下车)与上面的get on相反。Get off也有好些其它的意义，如寄出，离开等。下车也可以用alight from或get out of a carriage或motor car, 不过下电车或公共汽车多用get off . 【例：】(1) Helen got off the bus at 42nd Street. 海伦在42街下公共汽车。 (2) At what station do you usually get off the subway? 你通常在那一站下地下火车？ 3.to put on: (to place on oneself-said particularly of clothes) 【说明：】 to put on (穿，戴)特别指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼镜也用这个成语。英文中还有wear和dress二字也是穿的意思。可是wear是继续的动作，表示穿着的状态，而put on是一时的动作。下面两个句子都是错的： I shall wear my overcoat before I go out (应用put on). In such cold weather I put on my overcoat all day （应用wear）.dress后面的受词一定是人，如dress a child, dress oneself, be dressed in white, Get up and dress quickly. （快点起来穿好衣服。） 【例：】(1) Mary put on her hat and left the room. 玛丽戴上她的帽子就离开这屋子。 (2) Why is John putting on his hat and coat? 约翰为什么穿衣戴帽呢？ 4.to take off : (to remove-said also of clothes) 【说明：】to take off (脱去)与put on 的意义相反，指脱去衣物鞋帽.民可以用put off, 但较不通用。 【例：】(1) John took off his hat as he entered the room. 约翰在这屋时脱下他的帽子。 (2) Is Helen taking off her coat because it is too warm in the room? 海伦是不是因为室内太暖和而脱去她的外衣呢？ 5.to call up: (to telephone) 【说明：】to call up (打电话给……)后面一定要有受词，也就是接电话的人。如果受词是代名词的话，常插在call与up 之间。 【例：】 (1) I forgot to call up Mr. Jones yesterday although I promised to call him up exactly at three o’clock. 我昨天忘记打电话给钟斯先生，虽然我答应了在三点钟的时候打电话给他的