关于城市化对气象因素的影响.docxVIP

??论文名 称：观测城市化对气象因素的影响分析学院： 生态环境工程学院专 业、班级： 2012级 环境科学学 生姓 名: 贾学荣学 号: 1200602033 二○一五 年 四 月 二十二 日观测城市化对气象因素的影响分析贾学荣（青海大学生态环境工程学院 12级环境科学 1200602033）摘要：城市规模的扩大造成城市气候效应不断增强，为探讨城市化引起的土地利用变化对上海近地面气象要素的影响，用气候平均值和世界气象组织（WMO）推荐的气候异常度指标，观测环境城市化后的气候条件，制定了定量评价模式。根据相关资料评估旱涝等级、气温、日照时数异常度变化趋势等，可以确定逐年旱涝等级、气温、日照时数异常度标准。上述这些变化趋势除气候周期变化的因素外, 观测环境城市化、人文活动的影响不应低估。受城市化影响,年日照时数的指数变化呈逐渐减少的趋势。城市污染物的增加是年日照时数逐渐减少的主要因素。关键字：城市化 旱涝 气温 日照 异常度The observation and analysis of influence of meteorological factors on CityJIA Xue-rong(Qinghai University Ecological and Environmental Engineering College Environmental Science 1200602033）Abstract: the enlargement of the scale of city by city climate effect increases ceaselessly, in order to investigate the influence caused by the change of land use in Shanghai city of weather elements near the ground surface, with the climatic mean value and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) recommended by the abnormal degree of climate observation environment, city of climatic conditions, developed a quantitative evaluation model. Evaluation of drought and flood level, temperature, sunshine hours anomaly trend according to the relevant information, can be determined by drought and flood level, temperature, sunshine hours and abnormal degree standard.上述这些变化趋势除气候周期变化的因素外, 观测环境城市化、人文活动的影响不应低估。受城市化影响,年日照时数的指数变化呈逐渐减少的趋势。城市污染物的增加是年日照时数逐渐减少的主要因素。The change trend of climatic periodic changes in the factors affecting the observation environment, city, human activities should not be underestimated. By the influence of city, the index changes of annual sunshine duration decreases gradually. The increase of pollutants in the city is the main factor to gradually reduce the number of annual sunshine time.Keywords: city of sunshine and temperature anomaly1.引言城市发展造成下垫面性质变化，改变地—气间的物质、能量交换，对局地天气和气候产生影响，引发区域气象与环境问题。研究城市下垫面对局地平均气象条件的影响可以为开展科学合理的城市规划工作提供依据。近年来，众多学者对此进行了研究[3]。城市建筑群布局及其周边山体、水体或其它大地形对大气环境动力扩散的影响效应是形成某些城市环境气候特征的重要背景。