氨氮和硝氮在太湖水华自维持中的不同作用.docVIP

氨氮和硝氮在太湖水华自维持中的不同作用 周涛,李正魁*,冯露露 (南京大学环境学院,污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京 210093) 摘要：通过室内实验和野外监测相结合的方法,探讨了氨氮(NH4+-N)和硝氮(NO3--N)在太湖水华自维持中的不同作用.室内实验结果表明,水华微囊藻在以NH4+-N为氮源时比以NO3--N为氮源时具有更高的生长以及光合能力,当生长在不同的NH4+-N/NO3-N(浓度比)上时水华微囊藻均优先吸收NH4+-N,而当NH4+-N浓度大于2mg/L时,水华微囊藻的生长速率急剧下降;野外监测结果显示,在太湖藻型区,水体中的氮源以NO3--N为主,除了竺山湾,其余湖区全年NH4+-N/NO3--N基本在0.5以下, NH4+-N年平均浓度在2mg/L以下.这些结果表明,太湖中巨大的氨再生量使得浮游植物能以NH4+-N为主要氮源生长,而低浓度NH4+-N环境避免了浮游植物的生长受到抑制,两者共同保证了夏秋季太湖浮游植物的高生长以及光合能力,使得微囊藻生长旺盛、蓝藻水华维持在严重状态. 关键词：氨氮；硝氮；水华自维持；太湖 The different roles of ammonium and nitrate in the bloom self-maintenance of Lake Taihu. ZHOU Tao, LI Zheng-kui*, FENG Lu-lu (State Key Laboratory of Pollutant Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China) Abstract: The different roles of ammonium (NH4+-N) and nitrate (NO3--N) in the bloom self-maintenance of Lake Taihu were discussed through the combination of laboratory study and field monitoring. During laboratory study, Microcystis flos-aquae growing on NH4+-N had higher ability of growth and photosynthesis than those growing on NO3-N and they always assimilated NH4+-N preferentially when growing on different ratios of NH4+-N/NO3--N, but when NH4+-N concentration exceeded 2mg/L, their growth rate declined sharply. Field monitoring results showed that in algae-dominated regions of Lake Taihu, the dominated nitrogen source was NO3--N. Except in Zhushan Bay, the concentration ratios of NH4+-N/NO3--N were mainly below 0.5 all over the year and the annual mean concentrations of NH4+-N were below 2mg/L. These results indicate that the large quantity of regenerated NH4+ enable the phytoplankton of Lake Taihu to rely mainly on NH4+-N to grow, while low NH4+-N concentration avoid inhibiting their growth, which ensure their high ability of growth and photosynthesis, leading the vigorous growth of Microcystis and maintenance of serious bloom of Lake Taihu. Keywords: ammonium；nitrate；bloom self-maintenance；Lake Taihu 一般认为,氮是海洋浮游植物