20100810_现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时.docVIP

语法专题 动词的时态和语态 现在完成时,过去完成时,现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时 专题导读 从近五年高考英语湖北卷完成句子的试题特点来看，动词的时态和语态是语言表现最活跃、考查频率最高的测试点，几乎所有核心词的考查都必须要借助于时态和语态来完成。试题在考查时态和语态的同时，还兼顾其他语法内容的测试，比如各种从句、强调、倒装等，其交叉式和复合式的特点尤为明显。复习时要牢固掌握考纲规定的八种基本时态，即：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、一般将来时、过去将来时，并结合高考试题找出考点轨迹，作出科学合理的复习。 ?五年高考已考测试点：①现在完成时；②被动进行时；③一般将来时；④一般现在时 真题典例 1．[2010·湖北卷] Last nights TV news said that by then the death of the missing people ________________(未证实)yet. (prove) had not been proved 考查过去完成时的被动语态。结合by then以及句意“事实未被证实”，可知答案为had not been proved。 2．[2009·湖北卷] If times____________(变了)，have our ways of thinking changed too? (change) have changed 考查现在完成时。根据主句have our ways of thinking changed可知答案为have changed。 3．[2009·湖北卷] ________________(任何计划好了的事)is sure to change as one puts it into practice. (whatever)Whatever one has planned/Whatever has been planned 考查主语从句和现在完成时。从提示词看，这里用whatever引导主语从句；主句用了一般现在时，从动作的先后顺序看，先计划好，然后再付诸实施，因此“计划了”用现在完成时。因此答案为Whatever one has planned/Whatever has been planned。 4．The fact __________________ (他失败了数次)makes him very upset. (he, fail) 4．that he has failed (for) several times 考查同位语从句和现在完成时。本题是that引导的同位语从句，由提示词“数次”可知答案为that he has failed (for) several times。 5(2011年77).My mother was so proud of all_________________（我所做的）that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing.(do) that I have done 6(2011年80). ______________________(正如我们强调的那样)many times, “serve the people” is our first policy.(stress) As we have stressed for, as引导的非限制性定语从句，“正如…”可以提前 “Serve the people” is our first policy, as we have stressed for many times. 7 If___________________（我没有喝） alcohol last night, I could have driven my car home. ( drink ) I had not drunk 与过去事实相反，从句：if 主语 had done, 主句： 主语+could/should/would/might have done 8(2012年76). However ________, I could not read his handwriting. (try) 不论我怎样努力还是没法看清他写的字。 【答案】hard/much I (had) tried 【解析】考察让步状语从句。从句中的however引导让步状语从句相当于 no matter how“不论怎样无论如何”后面接adj./adv.再接主语和谓语构成一个让步从句 现在完成时 现在完成时由“助动词have/has+过去分词”构成。现在完成时的用法如下： 1、表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态到说话