高考英语动词不定式精讲精练.docVIP

高考英语动词不定式精讲精练 动词不定式形式： 一般式/完成式/进行式/完成进行式 主 动to build/to have built/to be building/to have been building 被 动/to be build/to have been build 动词不定式的主要用法： 一、作主语 ??? ⒈不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种： ??? (1)把不定式置于句首。如： To get there by bike will take us half an hour. ??? (2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如： ??? ①It＋be＋名词＋to do It‘s our duty to take good care of the old. ??? ②It takes sb+some time+to do How long did it take you to finish the work? ??? ③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the compositionin a quarter of an hour. ??? ④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do It is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays. ??? ⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do It seemed impossible to save money. 二、作宾语 ??? ⒈不定式作宾语 ①以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。如：agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等 如： I decided to ask for my money back. ②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即： 主语＋动 词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。如： ??We think it quite important for us to learn a foreignlanguage well. He feels it his duty to help the poor. ??? ③介词but,except,besides+to do(do) 在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to不定式，即带do不带to， 带to不带do。如： ?The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in. On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV. ④部分动词后面，既可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语，意义不变。begin,continue,start,hate,like,love,need,require,want等。在need,require,want后接-ing形式，表示被动意义，也可接不定式，但要用被动形式，如： Your handwr iting needs improving (tobe improved). ??? ⑤部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。 ??? ①forget,remember,regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。如： ?Don’t forget to post the letter for me. Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport? ??Remember to close the windows before you leave. I remember writing him a letter a year ago. ??We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting. ??They regretted ordering these books from abroad. ??? ②mean to