不定式丛振滋演示文稿.ppt

动词不定式： 烟台工贸学校 丛 振 滋 1. 动词不定式的构成：“to+动词原形 ” 例： to study hard 2. 不定式没有人称和数的变化，可在句中作 主语、宾语、宾补、 表语、定语、状语 一、做主语: 1.不定式做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 To help others is a pleasant thing. To master a foreign language is very important. 2.不定式作主语，有时为避免头重脚轻，常用it做形式主 语，而把不定式放在句末。 It’s our duty to take good care of the old. It took us three hours to get there. 3.动词不定式的复合结构：即不定式的逻辑主语 ①It is + adj. (表示事物或行为的特点、性质，如 difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible necessary) +for sb. to do sth.句型 It’s important for us to learn English well. It’s good for you to take exercise every day. ②It is + adj.(表示人的品格或特点，如careless clever foolish honest kind lazy nice right silly stupid rude polite impolite brave selfish) + of sb. to do sth. It’s very kind of you to help me with my work. It is too impolite of you to speak to the teacher like this. 二、做宾语 1.不定式作宾语，常放在某些动词之后： want decide fail wish expect pretend choose refuse hope ask manage offer learn等 I want to go to college after I finish school. He pretended not to have seen me. I hope to hear from you soon.. 2.动词不定式作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把动词不定式放在宾补之后，而用it作形式宾语。句型： 主语+find(s)/feel(s)/think(s)/make(s)/ believe(s)/consider(s)等+ it +adj./n. + to do sth. I find it difficult to believe him. I feel it an honor to be your pupil. 3.一些动词后面既可接不定式又可接动词的-ing形式作宾语,但意思不一样 stop to do sth停下来去做另外一件事， stop doing sth停止正在做的事 remember to do sth记住要做某事(未做)，remember doing sth记得做过某事(已做) go on to do sth接着做另一件事， go on doing sth继续做同一件事 forget to do sth忘了做某事(事还未做)，forget doing sth忘了曾做过某事＂(事已做) 三、做宾补 带to的不定式作宾补 My teacher told me to take notes in class. Mother reminded me not to make friends on the internet. 2.在下列感官动词和使役动词之后，宾补不带to 【一感（feel ） 二听（hear, listen to ） 三让（let, have, make ） 四看（see , watch, look at , notice ）】 I saw him play in the park. I heard her lock the door. 这类动词变为被动语态时，不定式前要加to A child was seen to enter the building She was often heard to sin