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5. Confucius’ teachings on learning and education (1) The only way to gain knowledge is to learn. (2) Intellectual honesty is important. (3) Learning and practice are inseparable. Confucius His Life, Teachings and Influence Who is Confucius? Great educator, philosopher and thinker in Chinese history The greatest representative of the ancient Chinese culture and civilization Founder of Confucianism The foremost sage, a national ideal and example Likened to China’s Socrates, Plato or in a sense Jesus Christ Confucius’ Chinese names Confucius: the name having nothing to do with “confuse”; a man not confusing at all; his teachings never difficult to understand. Not an abstract philosopher but a teacher of easy moral lessons Confucius, Latinized form of Kong Fuzi in Chinese. Kong, his family name; Fuzi or Zi, meaning Great Master, honorific titles in ancient China for famous scholars, statesmen or teachers. His original name, Kong Qiu, which common Chinese people never use. Not respectful to call the Master by it. Kong Zi: the most common reference in China I. Confucius’ Life Confucius’ own comment on his life: The Master said, “At fifteen I bent my mind on learning. At thirty, I was firmly established. At forty, I was free from delusion. At fifty, I knew my destiny. At sixty, I was able to tell right from wrong in everything I heard. At seventy, I could follow my heart’s desire without overstepping the rules of propriety.” —The Analects age of establishment (the age of 30) age of freedom from delusion (the age of 40) age of knowing one’s own destiny (the age of 50) His early life Born in a hill cave in Qufu in 551 B. C., “a time of chaos under the sun” His father died when he was only 3. Fond of learning hard and thinking rationally His marriage, family and children Taking various humble jobs The first private school teacher Established as a famous scholar around 30 Founding the first private school in th