《chap009 Profitability Analysis(财务报表分析-台湾中兴大学).pptVIP

Profitability Analysis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Measuring Gross Profit Gross profits vary across industries depending on factors such as: ? Competition ? Capital investment ? Level of costs that must be recovered from gross profit Analyzing Costs of Revenues Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Analyzing Gross Profit Analysis of gross profit directs attention at the factors explaining variations in: ? Sales ? Costs of sales Analyzing Costs of Revenues Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Analyzing Gross Profit Analysis Statement of Changes in Gross Profit Step 1.?Focus on year?to?year change in volume assuming unit selling price is unchanged—Volume change is multiplied by the constant unit selling price to yield change in sales Step 2.?Focus on year-to-year change in selling price assuming volume is constant--Change in selling price is multiplied by the constant volume to yield change in sales Step 3.?Focus on joint changes in volume and unit price— Volume change is multiplied by the change in unit selling price to yield net change in sales Step 4.?Steps 1 to 3 explain the net change in sales. Analyzing Costs of Revenues Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Analyzing Gross Profit Analysis Statement of Changes in Gross Profit—Illustration Year Ended December 31 Year-to-Year Change Item Year 1 Year 2 Increase Decrease 1. Sales ($ millions) $ 657.6 $ 687.5 $ 29.9 2.Cost of sales ($ millions) 237.3 245.3 8.0 3.Gross profit ($ millions) $ 420.3 $ 442.2 $ 21.9 4.Units sold (in millions) 215.6 231.5 15.9 5.Sales price per unit (1 ÷ 4) $ 3.05? $ 2.97? $ 0.08 6.Cost per unit (2 ÷ 4) 1.10? 1.06? 0.