aps体育教育专业(体质健康与测量中英文对照).docVIP

体质健康与测量 体质：体质是人体质量。它是在遗传性和后天获得性基础上表现出来的人体形态结构、生理功能和心理因素的综合的相对稳定的特征，一般来说，可以这样认为，体质好的人身体是健康地，而身体健康的人体质往往是较好的。 Physical health and measurementConstitution: the constitution is the human quality. It is acquired based on genetic and acquired on the form and structure of body, physiological function and psychological factors are relatively stable characteristics, generally speaking, this can be considered a good constitution, the human body is healthy, and physical health are often better 决定人体质量好坏的因素： 先天的遗传性。包括：形态结构，相貌肤色，性格特征，身体素质等 如：血型：100% 最大摄氧量：69%-93% 后天的获得：社会环境，劳动条件，地区气候，营养状况，体育锻炼，医疗卫生，保健措施等 Factors determining the quality of the human body:1, hereditary congenital. Including: the morphological structure, appearance color, character, physical quality etc.Such as: blood: 100% VO2max: 69%-93%2, acquired: the social environment, the working conditions, climate, nutrition, physical exercise, health, health care 遗传： （1）遗传对身体形态有影响 身体形态具体反映人的体型，遗传对体型有决定性的影响 （2）遗传对身体素质有影响 （3）遗传对性格有影响 （4）遗传对人体健康和寿命有影响 体育锻炼与体质 体育锻炼能改善神经系统的功能， 提高循环系统的功能 坚持体育锻炼能使心脏血管系统有如下的好处：运动性心脏增大；心搏徐缓和血压降低；每搏输出量增多 （3）体育锻炼能提高呼吸系统的功能 （4）体育锻炼能增强人体运动系统的功能 （5）体育锻炼能提高机体对外界环境的适应能力 （6）体育锻炼能提高人的心理健康水平 Physical exercise and fitness(1) physical exercise can improve the function of nervous system,(2) and improving circulation system functionInsist on physical exercise can make heart and vascular system has the following advantages: the sport of the cardiac enlargement; bradycardia and decreased blood pressure and stroke volume increased;(3) physical exercise can improve the function of respiratory system(4) physical exercise can enhance the body movement function of the system(5) physical exercise can improve the bodys ability to adapt to the external environment(6) physical exercise can improve the psychological health level of people 通常情况下测量包括： 人体形态测量 1.身高标准体重 含义：身高标准体重是将身高和体重综合起来，以每厘米身高的体重分布，确定学生体形匀称度，可反映学生是营养不良、正常体重，还是超重或肥胖。身高的单位为厘米，体重为公斤，测试时保留一位小数 1.胸围： 胸围是胸廓