大学毕业论文-智能翻身气垫床的气动、电控系统设计的.docVIP

摘 要 气动技术具有节能、无污染、高效、低成本、安全可靠、结构简单等优点，气动技术在机械、电子、钢铁、运输车辆及橡胶、纺织、轻工、食品、包装、印刷、烟草等各个制造行业，尤其在各种自动化生产装备和生产线中得到了非常广泛的应用，成为当今应用最广、发展最快、也最易被接受和重视的技术之一。本文论述一种气动控制系统——智能翻身气垫，通过PLC编程实现控制智能化，对该系统涉及到的气路进行了分析，对选取的气动元件进行理论分析论述，计算等，指出了设计注意事项，常见故障和处理方法，以及PLC控制的电路组成和程序编写。还介绍气动系统的设计原理、重要元件，气动控制系统在工业上的应用，以及气动系统常见故障等。 关键词：气动系统，气动元件，PLC，控制，智能翻身气垫 ABSTRACT Pneumatic technology has some advantage, such as economize on energy, pollution-free, high efficiency, low cost, safe and reliable, simple structure and so on. Pneumatic technology in some manufacturing industries, for example, machinery, electronics, steel, transport vehicles and rubber, textile, light industry, food, packaging, printing, tobacco and so on, in particular, in a variety of automated production equipment and production lines have been very widely used. It will soon become the most widely used, fastest growing and most easily accepted and important technologies. This article aims to give an introduction about the design, importment elements and common fault of pneumatic system, and the application of pneumatic control system in the industry. The intelligent turning over air cushion, a typical application of pnumatic control system is intellectualized by PLC. Gaspaths involved in this system are analyzed and the selected pneumatic elements are discussed, described and calculated, points for attention in designing, common faults and its treatment and circuit and programming of PLC are presented. Key words： pneumatic system, pneumatic element, PLC, controlment, intelligent turning over air cushion 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 智能翻身气垫简介 1 1.1.1 智能翻身气垫的意义 1 1.2市售的防褥疮气垫 1 续表1-1 2 1.3 智能翻身气垫的结构和控制特点 2 2 智能翻身气垫的气动系统设计 7 2.1 智能翻身气垫的能源装置 7 2.2 智能翻身气垫的气动控制元件 11 2.3 智能翻身气垫的软管 13 2.4 气动联接 15 2.5 气动三联件 15 2.6 气压传感器 18 3 智能翻身气垫的PLC控制 20 3.1 引言 20 3.2 智能翻身气垫的PLC选型 20 3.3 智能翻身气垫的PLC I/O口分配表（如表3-1所示 ） 21 3.4 智能翻身气垫的PLC控制方案 21 3.5 智能翻身气垫PLC接线图（如图3-6所示） 26 3.6 智能翻身气垫程序梯形图 27 3.7 智能翻身气垫程序指令表 30 4 智能翻身气垫的调试、故障诊断及排除 33 4.1智能翻身气垫的调试 33 4.2 气动系统基本故障排除要点 33 4