Computer Aided Design - FKM.PPT

* 3) Based on normal stress at wire DE, calculate the T of wire D 4) Calculate W, based on FBD of bar DA 5) Calculate normal stress of wire CB and strain of wire CB Strain can not be calculated as normal stress goes beyond yield stress (Sy = 250 MPa), elastic property is no more applied. Therefore it requires the stress and strain curve to predict the strain Poisson’s Ratio n (nu), states that in the elastic range, the ratio of these strains is a constant since the deformations are proportional. Negative sign since longitudinal elongation (positive strain) causes lateral contraction (negative strain), and vice versa. Poisson’s ratio is dimensionless. Typical values are 1/3 or 1/4. Example A bar made of A-36 steel has the dimensions shown. If an axial force of P is applied to the bar, determine the change in its length and the change in the dimensions of its cross section after applying the load. The material behaves elastically. Discuss the approach Approach: Property A-36: E , n 1. s = P/A 2. ez = s / E 3. DLz = L * ez 4. ex = ey = -n ez 5. DLx = L * ex DLy = L * ey 1) The normal stress in the bar : 2) From the table for A-36 steel, Est = 200 GPa 3) The axial elongation of the bar is therefore 4) The contraction strains in both the x and y directions are 5) The changes in the dimensions of the cross section are Solution * Normal Strain and Stress Normal Strain and Stress, Stress strain diagram, Hooke’s Law * Strain When a body is subjected to load, it will deform and can be detected through the changes in length and the changes of angles between them. The deformation is measured through experiment and it is called as strain. The important of strain: it will be related to stress in the later chapter ? ? * Normal Strain Normal strain is detected by the changes in length. ? ? * e (epsilon) l’: length after deformed l: original length. ? ? Note e: dimensionless very small (normally is mm (=10-6 m)) 480(10)-6 m/m = 480 mm/m = 480 “micros” =