Unit 4 Grammar.pptVIP

Grammar Attributive Clause Which one is Harry Potter? The boy is Harry Potter. He is wearing glasses. The boy who is wearing glasses is Harry Potter. 定语从句 概念：在复合句中修饰主语中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。 eg. Harry Potter is a smart boy. Harry Potter is a boy who has magic power. 先行词 关系词 定语从句 关系代词 that, which, who, whom,whose 关系副词 when, where, why 关系代词的用法 一、关系代词的用法 主语 宾语 定语 指人 who that whom(优先) who that whose (of whom) 指物 which that which that whose (of which) 指人与物 that that whose 1. who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语和表语。 The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker. The man is a worker. The man is speaking at the meeting. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，也可用who代替。 The woman whom they want to visit is a teacher. The woman is a teacher. They want to visit the woman. 分解 分解 3. whose可修饰人，也可修饰物，表所属关系，在定语从句中作定语。 I know the person whose house was destroy in the earthquake. I know the person. The persons house was destroy in the earthquake. 4. which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 China is a country which has a long history. 分解 5. that即可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语，宾语和表语。 The suitcase that lies on the ground is hers. The suitcase is hers. The suitcase lies on the ground. 注：关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。 I like the book (which/that) you bought yesterday. Is that the girl (whom/who/that) you spoke of the other day. 分解 二、只能用that而不用which引导定语从句的情况 1. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most delicious food that I have ever had. 2. 先行词是不定代词，如：all,little,few,much,everything,anything,nothing,none等时。 All that can be done has been done. 3. 先行词被all,any,every,no,the only,the very,the last等修饰时。 The only thing that she could do was to call the police for help. 说明：以上三种情况有一个共同点，就是先行词或先行词之前的修饰语往往带有“唯一”或者“全部”概念，以致无法做出选择。因为关系代词which也是疑问词，表示“哪一个”，含有选择意味，所以，用that引导万无一失。 4. 有两个或两个以上先行词，即指人又指物时。 Sometimes we should ignore the person and things that upset us. 5. 当主句是以who, which开头的特殊疑问句时。 Which of the books that you bought is the most useful for your wri