英美文学课件：美国浪漫主义时期.doc

Part Two: American Literature Chapter 1: The Romantic Period 考核要求: 1．识记内容：美国浪漫主义文学产生的社会历史及文化背景 2．领会内容： 美国浪漫主义在文学上的表现 a.欧洲浪漫主义文学的影响 b.美国本土文学的崛起及其待证 3．应用内容：清教主义、超验主义、象征主义、自由诗等名词的解释 重要知识点： 1. Duration and the symbols of beginning and ending: Duration: from end of 18th century to the outbreak of the Civil War. Beginning: publication of The Sketch Book《见闻札记》 by Washington Irving(华盛顿·欧文（美国文学史上最早的著名作家） Ending: Leaves of Grass《草叶集》 by Whitman(惠特曼It is a great flowering of American literature; it is also called “American Renaissance” 浪漫主义时期的文学是美国文学的繁荣时期,所以也称为美国的文艺复兴。 2. Social background: Historically, westward territorial expansion(西部扩张provided rich materials for the development of Romanticism Economically, the industrial transformation（向工业的转化 set up the background for the development of Romanticism Politically, democracy and equality stimulated the desires for the development of a national literature -- Romanticism 3. Literary background: ①Common feature: American writers share certain common with English Romanticists美国作家秉承了与英国一样的文化传统,形成了同英国一样的浪漫主义风格。 ②New forms of fiction and poetry： Emphasis on the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature 强调文学的想象力和情感因素 Emphasis on free expression of emotion注意感情的自由表达 Emphasis on individual exalt注重表现个人 ③Typical American features: Influenced by American Puritanism and New England Transcendentalism, revealed the unique characteristics of their own. 受美国清教主义和新英格兰超验主义的影响，美国作家显示了他们自己独特的特征。 American Puritanism（清教主义）: Puritanism is the practices and beliefs of the Puritans（清教徒）. The Puritans were originally members of a division of the Protestant Church（新教）. The first settlers who became the founding fathers of the American nation were quite a few of them. They were a group of serious, religious people, advocating highly religious and moral principles. As the word itself hints, Puritans wanted to purity their religious beliefs and practices. They accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity,