《第三章 牛顿插值.pptVIP

3 拉格朗日型n次多项式 Lagrange 插值虽然易算，但若要增加一个节点 时，全部基函数 li(x) 都需要重新计算。 能否每加一个节点时，只附加一项上去即可。 差商 差商性质 牛顿插值多项式 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 拉格朗日插值——采用插值基函数的线性组合来构造插值多项式 含义直观 形式对称 优点： 缺点： 若要增加一个节点时，全部基函数 li(x) 都需要重新计算。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 差商和Newton插值多项式 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. ? 差商(亦称均差) 1阶差商 2阶差商 n阶差商 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一般的,可定义区间[x0, x1 ,…, xn]上的n阶差商为 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 性质 差商具有对称性,即在k阶差商中 任意交换两个节点 和 的次序,其值不变。 例如 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (0 阶差商) 一阶差商 二阶差商 三阶差商 四 阶差商 差商表 计算顺序:即每次用前一列同行的差商与前一列上一行的差商再作差商。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. xi 0 2 3 5 f(xi) 0 8 27 125 一阶差商 二阶差商 三阶差商 例1 求 f(xi)= x3在节点 x=0, 2, 3, 5上的各阶差商值 解: 计算得如下表 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 已知 函数表如上, 由差商定义及对称性，得 2 牛顿插值多项式的推导 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 数值分析 太原科技大学 第五章 插值法 差分与等距节点的插值多项式 差商与Newton插值多项式 Lagrange插值 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 学习目标： 掌握多项式插值的L