2015年1月10日托福阅读真题.docVIP

2015年1月10日托福阅读真题 　　2015年1月10日托福考试三篇阅读文章整体难度不大，文章结构清晰，在TPO中也有很多类似的文章出现，所以考生平时一定要多刷题，多积累。 　　第一篇：疾病的三个历史阶段 　　主要内容：第一个传染阶段，主要是由于医疗差，人口发展，开始农业，人与人，以及动物之间的接触越来越多，疾病开始大规模的传染。第二，医疗得以发展，传染病被克服，但是由于经济的发展，生活水平不断上升，慢性病开始占据主导地位，比如心脏病，肺结核等。第三，到了现代社会，传染病重新出现，慢性病也没有被克服，细菌产生了抗力，很多以前没有出现的疾病开始出现了。 　　TPO相似文章练习推荐： TPO 16：Developmentof The Periodic Table 　　背景资料： 　　Only some diseases such as influenza are contagious and commonly believedinfectious. The micro-organisms that cause these diseases are known aspathogens and include varieties of bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi. Infectious diseases can be transmitted, e.g. byhand-to-mouth contact with infectious material on surfaces, by bites of insects or other carriers of the disease, and from contaminatedwater or food (often via fecal contamination), etc. In addition,there are sexually transmitteddiseases. In some cases, microorganisms that are not readily spread fromperson to person play a role, while other diseases can be prevented orameliorated with appropriate nutrition or other lifestyle changes. Somediseases, such as most (but not all) forms of cancer, heart disease, and mental disorders,are non-infectious diseases. Manynon-infectious diseases have a partly or completely genetic basis (see genetic disorder) and may thus betransmitted from one generation to another. Social determinants of health are the social conditions in whichpeople live that determine their health. Illnesses are generally related tosocial, economic, political, and environmentalcircumstances. Social determinants of health have been recognized by severalhealth organizations such as the Public Health Agency of Canada and the World Health Organization togreatly influence collective and personal well-being. The World HealthOrganizations Social Determinants Council also recognizes Social determinants of health inpoverty. When the cause of a disease is poorly understood, societies tend tomythologize the disease or use it as a metaphor or symbol of whatever that cultur