Organization Theory ZHANG KE.doc

Public Admin Theory Professor: Bernard Sieracki PA400 KE ZHANG The Organization Theory 1. Introduction of Classical Organization Theory The Classical Organization Theory is also called “Traditional Organization Theory”. It can be traced back to Adam Smith. In “Wealth of Nations”, he put forward the principle of Division of Labor first. The principle of the Division of Labor is a fundamental principle of organizational designs which still convincing. The Classical Organization Theory begins from the late 19th century and prevalence in the early 20th century. The Classical Organization Theory can be divided into Scientific Management Theory, Administrative Management Theory and the Bureaucracy Theory. (1) The concept of Scientific Management Theory This theory was proposed by Taylor who was known as the Father of Scientific Management. Taylor launched a scientific management revolution in the United States. ??The whole concept and idea of Taylor became the foundation of Classical Management Theory. (2) The concept of Administrative Management Theory In the first half of the 20th century, the Administrative Management Theory was discussed from the macro. The Frenchman Fayol is known as the Father of Administrative Management Theory. Fayol absorbed the thought of scientific management and proposed the principles of the Administrative Management. In addition to the principles, Fayol also raised a number of important ideas, such as a clear responsibility between the organization system, etc. (3)The Bureaucratic Organization Theory of Weber The Weber’s construction of the administrative organization theory began from the power’s analysis. He believes that every organization must be based on a form of authority in order to achieve its objectives. He believes that there are three pure forms of legitimate authority: Rational----the power of the Law; Traditional power; Extraordinary powers. Weber believes in the power of these three forms, the efficiency of the Traditi