句子 Reading 1 Unit 2.doc

Language Points (UNIT 2 BOOK 4 New Standard College English (NSCE)) Part B Sentences and Paragraphs Sentence Pattern (1): Simile, Metaphor and Analogy (Active Reading (1)) Like?Lewis Carrolls?Alice, who falls into a rabbit hole and discovers a?mysterious?wonderland, when we pick up a book we are about to enter a new world.?(line1, para.1) The English poet?William Cowper?(1731–1800) said Varietys the very spice of life, / That gives it all its flavour although he?neglected?to say where or how we could find it.(line1, para.2) In 1947,?Clifton Fadiman?coined?the term?home-run book.?(line 1, para.9) Explanation Metaphor: a figure of speech that uses one thing to mean another and makes a comparison between the two. Simile: a form of metaphor which is also called an open comparison. It always uses like or as within the phrase and is more explicit than a metaphor. Analogy: an analogy is a bit more complicated. At the most basic level, an analogy shows similarity between things that might seem different -- much like an extended metaphor. But analogy isnt just a form of speech. It can be a logical argument: Analogy is often used to help provide insight by comparing an unknown subject to one that is more familiar. It can also show a relationship between pairs of things. Exercise 1 Proverbs and quotes on books Directions: what are books compared to in the following proverbs and quotes? Books,?like?friends,?should?be?few?and?well?chosen. Books are the quietest and most constant of friends; they are the most accessible and wisest of counselors, and the most patient of teachers.? ~Charles W. Eliot (Key: Books are compared to persons.) To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting.? ~Edmund Burke Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.? ~Francis Bacon (Key: Books are compared to food.) A book is like a garden carried in your pocket. Books are the compasses and telescopes and sextants and charts