材料科学与工程基础英文版第五版课后习题.docxVIP

Homework 11.1 What are materials? List eight commonly encountered engineering materials. Answer1.1: Materials are substances of which something is composed or made. Steels, aluminum alloys, concrete, wood, glass, plastics, ceramics and electronic materials.1.2 What are the main classes of engineering materials? Answer1.2: Metallic, polymeric, ceramic, composite, and electronic materials are the five main classes. 1.3 What are some of the important properties of each of the five main classes ofengineering materials? Answer1.3: Metallic Materials ? many are relatively strong and ductile at room temperature ? some have good strength at high temperature ? most have relatively high electrical and thermal conductivities Polymeric Materials ? generally are poor electrical and thermal conductors ? most have low to medium strengths ? most have low densities ? most are relatively easy to process into final shape ? some are transparentCeramic Materials ? generally have high hardness and are mechanically brittle ? some have useful high temperature strength ? most have poor electrical and thermal conductivities Composite Materials ? have a wide range of strength from low to very high ? some have very high strength-to-weight ratios (e.g. carbon-fiber epoxy materials) ? some have medium strength and are able to be cast or formed into a variety of sha(e.g. fiberglass-polyester materials) ? some have useable strengths at very low cost (e.g. wood and concrete) Electronic Materials ? able to detect, amplify and transmit electrical signals in a complex manner ? are light weight, compact and energy efficient1.8 What are nanomaterials? What are some proposed advantages of using nanomaterialsover their conventional counterparts? Answer1.8: Are defined as materials with a characteristic length scale smaller than 100 nm. The length scale could be particle diameter, grain size in a material, layer thickness in a sensor, etc. These materials have properties different th