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Human Development Index From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The?Human Development Index?(HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income?indices?used to rank countries into four tiers ofhuman development. It was created by the Pakistani economist?Mahbub ul Haq?and the Indian economist?Amartya Sen?in 1990[1]?and was published by the?United Nations Development Programme.[2] In the 2010 Human Development Report a further?Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index?(IHDI) was introduced. While the simple HDI remains useful, it stated that the IHDI is the actual level of human development (accounting for inequality) and the HDI can be viewed as an index of “potential” human development (or the maximum IHDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality).[3] World map by quartiles of Human Development Index in 2013. ??Very High ??Low ??High ??Data unavailable ??Medium Contents ??[hide]? 1?Origins 2?Dimensions and calculation 2.1?New method (2010 Report onwards)[6] 2.2?Old method (before 2010 Report) 3?2013 report 3.1?Inequality-adjusted HDI 4?2011 report 4.1?Inequality-adjusted HDI 4.2?Countries not included 5?2010 report 5.1?Inequality-adjusted HDI 5.2?Countries not included 6?2009 report 6.1?Countries not included 7?2008 statistical update 7.1?Countries not included 8?2007/2008 report 9?Past top countries 9.1?In each original report 10?Future HDI projections 11?Criticism 12?See also 13?Notes and references 14?External links Origins[edit] Mahbub-ul-Haq Amartya Sen The origins of the HDI are found in the annual Development Reports of the?United Nations Development Programme?(UNDP). These were devised and launched by?Pakistani?economist?Mahbub ul Haq?in 1990 and had the explicit purpose to shift the focus of development economics from national income accounting to people-centered policies. To produce the Human Development Reports, Mahbub ul Haq brought together a group of well-known development economists including:?Paul Streeten,?Fr