《命题规律.docVIP

专升本英语辅导 词汇与语法结构篇 主讲人：杨洁 第一节：命题规律 1.词汇部分 词汇是听说读写等语言技能的基础和根本，从各类考试的分析来看，词汇题主要测试词义和搭配两大内容。 词义方面主要测试词类相同而词义不同的词，词形相似而词义不同的词，同义词，近义词，派生词，易混词等。 搭配方面主要测试介词与其他此类固定搭配与使用的能力，如名词与介词的搭配，动词与介词的搭配，形容词与介词的搭配等。 （1）词类相同词义不同的词或词组，只要熟悉词义，根据句意即可选择。 1）Since the matter was extremely ,we dealt with it immediately. A. tough B tense C. urgent D. instant 答案是 C tough 复杂的，tense 紧张的，urgent 紧急的，instant 快速的 （2）多义词，同义词，近义词，近形词测试考生的辩词能力，要从使用场合，搭配结构和语义关系上分析 1）Although they plant trees in this area every year, the tops of some hills are still . A) bare B) vacant C) blank D) hollow 答案是A bare 光秃的 vacant 空缺，空虚 blank 空白 hollow 空洞，凹进去 2） his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others. A. Unlike B. Liking C. Alike D) Dislikes 答案是A unlike 不像 liking 喜好 alike 相似 dislikes 不喜欢 （3）短语动词，即“动词+介词或副词”这类词在语法上都起动词作用，在句中作谓语。如： 1）Our son doesn’t know what to at the university; he can’t make up his mind about his future. A) take over B) take after C) take in D) take up 答案是D take over 接管 take after 长得像 take in 吸收 take up 占据，开始从事 （4）固定搭配，包括名词与介词，名词与形容词，动词与名词的搭配等。如： 1）He hoped the firm would him to the Paris branch. A) exchange B) transmit C) transfer D) remove 答案是 C exchange 交换 transmit 传送 transfer 调动，转学remove 搬家 2.语法结构部分 语法方面主要考试的内容有：动词非谓语形式，虚拟语气和倒装句。 动词非谓语形式 应熟悉其结构，特点，常用句型，与动词的搭配以及其复合结构等。如： 1）You hair wants .You’d better have it done tomorrow. A) cut B) to cut C) cutting D) being cut 答案是D 本题属“sth wants + doing” 结构，有相似用法的词还有need. 2) If I had remembered the window, the thief would not have got in. A) to close B) closing C) to have closed D) having closed 答案是 D 首先要搞清楚remember to do sth 和 remember doing sth 之间的含义差别。 3）His remarks left me about his real purpose. A) wonder B) wondering C) wondered D) to wonder 答案是C 剧中谓语动