阅读理解复习专题三之推理判断题的解题技巧要素.ppt

* 第一类 推断隐含意义 推断隐含意义，即要求考生根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。旨在考查考生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力。 一、常见的设问形式 推断隐含意义的题干中常含infer(推断)，suggest(暗示)，imply(暗示)，indicate(暗示)，conclude(推断，得出结论)等词语。常见的题干设题形式如下： 1．We can know from the passage that ________． 2. We can infer from the (first/last) passage that ________． 3．The passage/author implies/suggests that ______． 4．It can be concluded from the passage that ________． 5．The underlined sentence indicates that ________． 二、解题方法解答这类题时，首先通过寻读找到相关信息点(推理的依据)；然后细读、理解相关信息点的字面意义；最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。解答此类题目，需注意以下几个问题： 1.严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息进行推理，切忌掺杂自己的主观想法或经验。 2.如果某选项中的内容是阅读材料的简单重复，那它就不是推论，也就不是正确答案。 3.如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合，文中却没有涉及，那它属于主观臆断的结论，也不是正确答案。 4.如果某个选项所表达的内容虽在文中提到，但很片面或很不完整，那也不是正确答案。 5.文中的虚拟语气和情态动词(should，must，may等)往往能流露出作者的弦外之音，这有助于我们确定正确答案。 6.注意作者在文章中的措辞，比如作者在形容词前用了too，excessively，rather等，则常带有否定的意味。 例1 The position was offered at the last minute，and I was given two weeks to prepare，a period I spent searching for briefcase (公文包)and standing before my full-length mirror，repeating the words，“Hello，class.Im Mr.Davis.” Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice.Sometimes I would sound experienced.But when the day eventually came，my nerves kicked in and the true Mr.Davis was there.I sounded not like a thoughtful professor，but rather a 12-year-old boy. Q: What can we learn about the author from the Paragraph? A．He would be aggressive in his first class. B．He was well-prepared for his first class. C．He got nervous upon the arrival of his first class. D．He waited long for the arrival of his first class. 解析： 推断隐含意义题。根据本段中的“But when the day eventually came，my nerves kicked in and the true Mr.Davis was there.”和“I sounded not like a thoughtful professor，but rather a 12-year-old boy.”可知本题选C。 第二类 推断写作意图 推断写作意图，即要求考生根据短文内容推断作者写该文章的目的。 一、常见的设问形式 1．The authors main purpose in writing the passage is to ________． 2．The passage is meant to ________． 3．The authors purpose is to show ________． 4．The purpose of th