[09第九章财务信息在定约中的作用.pptVIP

§1 Contract Theory of Accounting Three Basic Ideas Organizations as a set of contracts Shared facts for conflict resolution Control in organizations as balance and equilibrium Micro and Macro Theory Micro Functions of accounting Managers and Income Shareholders, stock markets, and auditors Macro Basic features of accounting Social choice criteria, mechanisms and standardization Government and public good organizations Contributions and Entitlements of Various Agents Goals and Scope Goals of Each Individual Organization’s Goals Not Considered Organization as an arena（舞台） Organization as a Tournament（锦标赛） Applicable to All Organizations Focus Here on Business Firm Functions of Accounting To Help Assemble Implement Enforce Modify Maintain the contract set by five processes Processes of Accounting Measuring Resource Inflows Measuring Resource Outflows Determination of Contract Performance Information for Factor Markets Common Knowledge for Contract Renegotiation Necessary Conditions 1) Individual Condition: Each participants expects to receive at least the opportunity cost of contributions he/she makes to the organization 2) Aggregate Condition: Contributions of all participants can produce enough output to meet the expectations of all §2 THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION IN CONTRACTING IV. Regulatory Agencies Regulatory accounting principles (RAP) are the methods and procedures that must be followed when putting together financial statements for regulatory agencies. IV. Regulatory Agencies A. Regulatory accounting principles (RAP) are the methods and procedures that must be followed when putting together financial statements for regulatory agencies. IV. Regulatory Agencies B. Capital requirements in the banking industry: IV. Regulatory Agencies B. Capital requirements in the banking industry: §3 会计政策选择的研究成果 1．国外学者对会计选择的研究 （1）契约理论与会计选择的三大假设 Jensen和Meckling(1976)将企业定义为“一组契